[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 180 Engrossed in House (EH)]
110th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 180
_______________________________________________________________________
AN ACT
To require the identification of companies that conduct business
operations in Sudan, to prohibit United States Government contracts
with such companies, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Darfur Accountability and Divestment
Act''.
SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
The Congress finds as follows:
(1) In the 108th Congress, the House of Representatives
adopted House Concurrent Resolution 467 on July 22, 2004, by a
unanimous vote of 422-0, which--
(A) declares that the atrocities unfolding in the
Darfur region of Sudan are genocide;
(B) declares that the Government of Sudan has
violated the Convention on the Prevention and
Punishment of the Crime of Genocide;
(C) urges the Administration to seriously consider
multilateral intervention to stop genocide in Darfur
should the United Nations Security Council fail to act;
and
(D) calls on the Administration to impose targeted
sanctions, including visa bans and the freezing of
assets of the Sudanese National Congress and affiliated
business and individuals directly responsible for the
atrocities in Darfur.
(2) In the 109th Congress, the House of Representatives
passed H.R. 3127, the Darfur Peace and Accountability Act of
2006, on April 5, 2006, by a vote of 416-3, which--
(A) appeals to the international community,
including the United Nations, the European Union, and
the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), to
immediately mobilize sufficient political, military,
and financial resources to support and expand the
African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS);
(B) blocks assets and restricts travel of any
individual the President determines is responsible for
acts of genocide, war crimes, or crimes against
humanity in the Darfur region of Sudan; and
(C) offers United States support for the
International Criminal Court's efforts to prosecute
those responsible for acts of genocide in Darfur.
(3) On September 9, 2004, former Secretary of State Colin
Powell stated before the Committee on Foreign Relations of the
Senate that genocide was being committed in the Darfur region
of Sudan and that the Government of Sudan and the government-
supported Janjaweed militias bear responsibility for the
genocide.
(4) On September 21, 2004, President George W. Bush
affirmed the Secretary of State's finding in an address before
the United Nations General Assembly, stating that the world is
witnessing terrible suffering and horrible crimes in the Darfur
region of Sudan, crimes the Government of the United States has
concluded are genocide.
(5) On May 29, 2007, President George W. Bush affirmed that
the Government of Sudan is complicit in the bombing, murder,
and rape of innocent civilians in Darfur and again declared
that these actions rightfully constitute genocide.
(6) Although the Government of the United States currently
bans United States companies from conducting business
operations in Sudan, millions of Americans are inadvertently
supporting the Government of Sudan by investing in foreign
companies that conduct business operations in Sudan that
disproportionately benefit the Sudanese regime in Khartoum.
(7) Several States and governmental entities, through
legislation and other means, have expressed their desire, or
are considering measures--
(A) to divest any equity in, or to refuse to
provide debt capital to, certain companies that operate
in Sudan;
(B) to disassociate themselves and the
beneficiaries of their public pension and endowment
funds from directly or indirectly supporting the Darfur
genocide; and
(C) to prohibit themselves from entering into or
renewing contracts for the procurement of goods or
services with certain companies that have a direct
investment in, or conduct business operations in,
Sudan.
(8) California, Colorado, Florida, Hawaii, Indiana,
Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York,
Oregon, Rhode Island, Texas and Vermont have passed legislation
to divest State funds from companies that conduct business
operations in Sudan. Massachusetts, Michigan, North Carolina,
Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and Wisconsin are
considering legislation to divest State funds from companies
that conduct business operations in Sudan. Arkansas,
Connecticut, Maryland, and Ohio have passed non-binding
divestment legislation with respect to Sudan.
(9) Denver, Colorado, Los Angeles, California, Miami Beach,
Florida, New Haven, Connecticut, Newton, Massachusetts,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,
Providence, Rhode Island, and San Francisco, California have
passed legislation mandating divestment of city funds from
companies that conduct business operations in Sudan.
(10) American University, Amherst College, Andover Newton
Theological School, Boston University, Bowdoin College,
Brandeis University, Brown University, Colby College, Columbia
University, Connecticut College, Cornell University, Dartmouth
College, Drew University, Duke University, Emory University,
Hampton University, Harvard University, Hendrix College, Howard
University, Lee University, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Middlebury College, Nazareth College, Northwestern
University, Oberlin College, Queen's University,
Reconstructionist Rabbinical College, Regis University, Samford
University, Seton Hall, Smith College, Stanford University,
Swarthmore College, Trinity College, University of California,
University of Colorado, University of Connecticut, University
of Denver, University of Illinois, University of Maryland,
University of Massachusetts, University of Minnesota,
University of Pennsylvania, University of Rochester, University
of Southern California, University of Vermont, University of
Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin
System, Vassar College, Wellesley College, Wheaton College,
Williams College, and Yale University have divested their funds
from or placed restrictions on investment of their funds in
certain companies that conduct business operations in Sudan.
(11) Divestment has proven effective in similar situations,
as in 1986, when State pension funds and university endowments
were divested from companies that conducted business operations
in South Africa, which was critical to ending apartheid in that
country, and by 1994, when the first free elections in South
Africa took place, a substantial number of States, counties,
cities, universities, and colleges in the United States had
adopted partial or total divestment policies.
(12) Economic pressure against the Government of Sudan has
been effective in pushing Sudan to cooperate with the United
States on counterterrorism efforts and in part in agreeing to
negotiations with the Sudan People's Liberation Army of South
Sudan which resulted in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of
2005.
(13) Congress acknowledges that divestment should be used
sparingly and under extraordinary circumstances. This Act is
based on unique circumstances, specifically, the reprehensible
and abhorrent genocide occurring in Sudan.
(14) The business operations of companies in countries that
perpetrate grave abuses of human rights, especially the
uniquely monstrous crime of genocide, are of concern to many
United States investors and citizens even when these operations
represent a small fraction of a company's total business.
(15) State and city pension funds have routinely but
unsuccessfully sought to acquire and utilize data from the
Federal Government on companies for investment decisions.
(16) There is an increasing interest by States, local
governments, educational institutions, and private institutions
to seek to disassociate themselves from companies that support
the Government of Sudan.
(17) Policy makers and fund managers may find moral,
prudential, or reputational reasons to divest from companies
that accept the business risk of operating in countries that
are subject to international economic sanctions or that have
business relationships with countries, governments, or entities
with which any United States company would be prohibited from
dealing because of economic sanctions imposed by the United
States.
(18) The world community has a moral obligation to work to
do everything possible to stop the ongoing genocidal practices
of the Government of Sudan in the Darfur region.
SEC. 3. TRANSPARENCY IN CAPITAL MARKETS.
(a) List of Persons Directly Investing in or Conducting Business
Operations in Certain Sudanese Sectors.--
(1) Publication of list.--Not later than 6 months after the
date of the enactment of this Act and every 6 months
thereafter, the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with
the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of State, the Securities
and Exchange Commission, and the heads of other appropriate
Federal departments and agencies, shall, using only publicly
available (including proprietary) information, ensure
publication in the Federal Register of a list of each person,
whether within or outside of the United States, that, as of the
date of the publication, has a direct investment in, or is
conducting, business operations in Sudan's power production,
mineral extraction, oil-related, or military equipment
industries, subject to paragraph (2). To the extent
practicable, the list shall include a description of the
investment made by each such person, including the dollar
value, intended purpose, and status of the investment, as of
the date of the publication.
(2) Exceptions.--The Secretary of the Treasury shall
exclude a person from the list if all of the business
operations by reason of which the person would otherwise be
included on the list--
(A) are conducted under contract directly and
exclusively with the regional government of southern
Sudan;
(B) are conducted under a license from the Office
of Foreign Assets Control, or are expressly exempted
under Federal law from the requirement to be conducted
under such a license;
(C) consist of providing goods or services to
marginalized populations of Sudan;
(D) consist of providing goods or services to an
internationally recognized peacekeeping force or
humanitarian organization;
(E) consist of providing goods or services that are
used only to promote health or education;
(F) are conducted by a person that has also
undertaken significant humanitarian efforts as
described in section 10(14)(B);
(G) have been voluntarily suspended; or
(H) will cease within 1 year after the adoption of
a formal plan to cease the operations, as determined by
the Secretary.
(3) Consideration of scrutinized business operations.--The
Secretary of the Treasury should give serious consideration to
including on the list any company that has a scrutinized
business operation with respect to Sudan (within the meaning of
section 10(4)).
(4) Prior notice to persons.--The Secretary of the Treasury
shall, at least 30 days before the list is published under
paragraph (1), notify each person that the Secretary intends to
include on the list.
(5) Delay in including persons on the list.--After
notifying a person under paragraph (4), the Secretary of the
Treasury may delay including that person on the list for up to
60 days if the Secretary determines and certifies to the
Congress that the person has taken specific and effective
actions to terminate the involvement of the person in the
activities that resulted in the notification under paragraph
(4).
(6) Removal of persons from the list.--The Secretary of the
Treasury may remove a person from the list before the next
publication of the list under paragraph (1) if the Secretary
determines that the person no longer has a direct investment in
or is no longer conducting business operations as described in
paragraph (1).
(7) Advance notice to congress.--Not later than 30 days
(or, in the case of the first such list, 60 days) before the
date by which paragraph (1) requires the list to be published,
the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit to the Committees on
Financial Services, on Education and Labor, and on Oversight
and Government Reform of the House of Representatives and the
Committees on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, on Health,
Education, Labor, and Pensions, and on Homeland Security and
Governmental Affairs of the Senate a copy of the list which the
Secretary intends to publish under paragraph (1).
(b) Publication on Website.--The Secretary of the Treasury shall
ensure that the list is published on an appropriate, publicly
accessible government website, updating the list as necessary to take
into account any person removed from the list under subsection (a)(6).
(c) Definition.--In this section, the term ``investment'' has the
meaning given in section 4(b)(3).
SEC. 4. AUTHORITY OF STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS TO DIVEST FROM CERTAIN
COMPANIES DIRECTLY INVESTED IN CERTAIN SUDANESE SECTORS.
(a) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States to
support the decision of any State or local government to divest from,
and to prohibit the investment of assets controlled by the State or
local government in, persons on--
(1) the list most recently published under section 3(a)(1),
as modified under section 3(a)(6); or
(2) any list developed by the State or local government for
the purpose of divestment from certain persons described in
subsection (b)(1)(B) of this section.
(b) Authority to Divest.--
(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of
law, a State or local government may adopt and enforce measures
to divest the assets of the State or local government from, or
prohibit investment of the assets of the State or local
government in--
(A) persons that are included on the list most
recently published under section 3(a)(1) of this Act,
as modified under section 3(a)(6) of this Act; or
(B) persons having a direct investment in, or
carrying on a trade or business (within the meaning of
section 162 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) in
Sudan or with the Government of Sudan, if the measures
require the State or local government, as the case may
be, to the maximum extent practicable, to--
(i) provide written notice to each person
to whom the measures are to be applied; and
(ii) not apply the measures to a person--
(I) before the end of the 90-day
period beginning with the date written
notice is provided to the person
pursuant to clause (i); or
(II) if the person demonstrates to
the State or local government, as the
case may be, that the person is no
longer involved in the activities by
reason of which the measures would
otherwise be applied to the person.
(2) Applicability.--This subsection applies to measures
adopted by a State or local government before, on, or after the
date of the enactment of this Act.
(3) Definitions.--In this subsection:
(A) Investment.--The ``investment'' of assets
includes--
(i) a commitment or contribution of assets;
and
(ii) a loan or other extension of credit of
assets.
(B) Assets.--The term ``assets'' refers to public
monies and includes any pension, retirement, annuity,
or endowment fund, or similar instrument, that is
controlled, directly or indirectly, by a State or local
government.
(c) Preemption.--A measure of a State or local government that is
authorized by subsection (b) is not preempted by any Federal law or
regulation.
SEC. 5. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.
It is the sense of the Congress that a divestment measure
authorized under section 4 or a measure authorized under section 9 to
prohibit State or local contracts would not violate the United States
Constitution because such a measure--
(1) is not pre-empted under the Supremacy Clause;
(2) is authorized by the Congress as an appropriate measure
with regard to interstate or foreign commerce; and
(3) is authorized by the Congress as a measure that
promotes the foreign policy of the United States.
SEC. 6. SAFE HARBOR FOR CHANGES OF INVESTMENT POLICIES BY ASSET
MANAGERS.
Section 13 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a-13)
is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
``(c) Safe Harbor for Changes in Investment Policies.--
Notwithstanding any other provision of Federal or State law, no person
may bring any civil, criminal, or administrative action against any
registered investment company or person providing services to such
registered investment company (including its investment adviser), or
any employee, officer, or director thereof, based solely upon the
investment company divesting from, or avoiding investing in, securities
issued by companies that are included on the list most recently
published under section 3(a)(1) of the Darfur Accountability and
Divestment Act, as modified under section 3(a)(6) of that Act. For
purposes of this subsection the term `person' shall include the Federal
government, and any State or political subdivision of a State.''.
SEC. 7. SAFE HARBOR FOR CHANGES OF INVESTMENT POLICIES BY EMPLOYEE
BENEFIT PLANS.
Section 404 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974
(29 U.S.C. 1104) is amended by adding at the end the following new
subsection:
``(n) No person shall be treated as breaching any of the
responsibilities, obligations, or duties imposed upon fiduciaries by
this title for divesting plan assets from, or avoiding investing plan
assets in, persons that are included on the list most recently
published under section 3(a)(1) of the Darfur Accountability and
Divestment Act, as modified under section 3(a)(6) of such Act. Any
divestiture of plan assets from, or avoidance of investing plan assets
in, persons that are included on such list shall be treated as in
accordance with this title and the documents and instruments governing
the plan.''.
SEC. 8. PROHIBITION ON UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS.
(a) Prohibition.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the
Government of the United States shall not enter into or renew a
contract for the procurement of goods or services with persons that are
included on the list most recently published under section 3(a)(1), as
modified under section 3(a)(6).
(b) Waiver Authority.--The President may waive the prohibition in
subsection (a) on a case-by-case basis if the President determines and
certifies in writing to the Congress that it is important to the
national security interests of the United States to do so.
SEC. 9. AUTHORITY OF STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS TO PROHIBIT CONTRACTS.
(a) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States to
support the decision of any State or local government to prohibit the
State or local government, as the case may be, from entering into or
renewing a contract as described in subsection (b).
(b) Authority to Prohibit Contracts.--Notwithstanding any other
provision of law, a State or local government may adopt and enforce
measures to prohibit the State or local government, as the case may be,
from entering into or renewing a contract for the procurement of goods
or services with persons that are included on the list most recently
published under section 3(a)(1), as modified under section 3(a)(6).
SEC. 10. DEFINITIONS.
For purposes of this Act:
(1) Person.--The term ``person'', except in paragraph (6),
means--
(A) a natural person as well as a corporation,
company, business association, partnership, society,
trust, any other nongovernmental entity, organization,
or group;
(B) any governmental entity or instrumentality of a
government, including a multilateral development
institution (as defined in section 1701(c)(3) of the
International Financial Institutions Act); and
(C) any successor, subunit, or subsidiary of any
entity described in subparagraph (A) or (B).
(2) State.--The term ``State'' includes the District of
Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the United States
Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of
the Northern Mariana Islands.
(3) State or local government.--
(A) In general.--The term ``State or local
government'' includes--
(i) any State and any agency or
instrumentality thereof;
(ii) any local government within a State,
and any agency or instrumentality thereof;
(iii) any other governmental
instrumentality; and
(iv) any public institution of higher
education.
(B) Public institution of higher education.--The
term ``public institution of higher education'' means a
public institution of higher education within the
meaning of the Higher Education Act of 1965.
(4) Scrutinized business operation.--A company has a
scrutinized business operation with respect to Sudan if--
(A)(i) the company has business operations that
involve contracts with or provision of supplies or
services to--
(I) the Government of Sudan;
(II) a company in which the Government of
Sudan has any direct or indirect equity share;
(III) a consortium or project commissioned
by the Government of Sudan; or
(IV) a company involved in a consortium or
project commissioned by the Government of
Sudan; and
(ii)(I)(aa) more than 10 percent of the revenues or
assets of the company that are linked to Sudan involve
oil-related activities or mineral extraction
activities;
(bb) less than 75 percent of the revenues or assets
of the company that are linked to Sudan involve
contracts with, or provision of oil-related or mineral
extracting products or services to the regional
government of southern Sudan or a project or consortium
created exclusively by that regional government; and
(cc) the company has failed to take substantial
action with respect to the business operations referred
to in clause (i) of this subparagraph or as described
in subparagraph (B) or (C) of paragraph (14); or
(II)(aa) more than 10 percent of the revenues or
assets of the company that are linked to Sudan involve
power production activities;
(bb) less than 75 percent of the power production
activities of the company include projects whose intent
is to provide power or electricity to the marginalized
populations of Sudan; and
(cc) the company has failed to take substantial
action with respect to the business operations referred
to in clause (i) of this subparagraph or as described
in subparagraph (B) or (C) of paragraph (14);
(B) the company supplies military equipment in
Sudan, unless the company clearly shows that--
(i) the military equipment cannot be used
to facilitate offensive military actions in
Sudan; or
(ii) the company implements rigorous and
verifiable safeguards to prevent use of the
equipment by forces actively participating in
armed conflict, including through--
(I) post-sale tracking of the
equipment by the company;
(II) certification from a reputable
and objective third party that such
equipment is not being used by a party
participating in armed conflict in
Sudan; or
(III) sale of the equipment solely
to the regional government of southern
Sudan or any internationally recognized
peacekeeping force or humanitarian
organization; or
(C) the Secretary of the Treasury has determined
that the company has been complicit in the Darfur
genocide.
(5) Business operations.--The term ``business operations''
means engaging in commerce in any form in Sudan, including by
acquiring, developing, maintaining, owning, selling,
possessing, leasing, or operating equipment, facilities,
personnel, products, services, personal property, real
property, or any other apparatus of business or commerce.
(6) Company.--The term ``company'' means any natural
person, legal person, sole proprietorship, organization,
association, corporation, partnership, firm, joint venture,
franchisor, franchisee, financial institution, utility, public
franchise, trust, enterprise, limited partnership, limited
liability partnership, limited liability company, or other
business entity or association, including all wholly-owned
subsidiaries, majority-owned subsidiaries, parent companies, or
affiliates of such business entities or associations, that
exists for profit-making purposes.
(7) Complicit.--The term ``complicit'' means has taken
actions in the preceding 20 months which have directly
supported or promoted the genocidal campaign in Darfur,
including preventing Darfur's victimized population from
communicating with each other, encouraging Sudanese citizens to
speak out against an internationally approved security force
for Darfur, actively working to deny, cover up, or alter
evidence of human rights abuses in Darfur, or other similar
actions.
(8) Government of sudan.--The term ``Government of Sudan''
means the government in Khartoum, Sudan, which is led by the
National Congress Party (formerly known as the National Islamic
Front) or any successor government formed on or after October
13, 2006 (including the coalition National Unity Government
agreed upon in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement for Sudan),
and does not include the regional government of southern Sudan.
(9) Marginalized populations of sudan.--The term
``marginalized populations of Sudan'' includes--
(A) the portion of the population in the Darfur
region that has been victimized;
(B) the portion of the population of southern Sudan
victimized by Sudan's North-South civil war;
(C) the Beja, Rashidiya, and other similarly
affected groups of eastern Sudan;
(D) the Nubian and other similarly affected groups
in Sudan's Abyei, Southern Blue Nile, and Nuba Mountain
regions; and
(E) the Amri, Hamadab, Manasir, and other similarly
affected groups of northern Sudan.
(10) Military equipment.--The term ``military equipment''
means--
(A) weapons, arms, military supplies, and equipment
that readily may be used for military purposes,
including radar systems or military-grade transport
vehicles; or
(B) supplies or services sold or provided directly
or indirectly to any force actively participating in
armed conflict in Sudan.
(11) Mineral extraction activities.--The term ``mineral
extraction activities'' includes--
(A) exploring, extracting, processing,
transporting, or wholesale selling or trading of
elemental minerals or associated metal alloys or oxides
(ore), including gold, copper, chromium, chromite,
diamonds, iron, iron ore, silver, tungsten, uranium,
and zinc, and
(B) facilitating any activity described in
subparagraph (A), including by providing supplies or
services in support of the activity.
(12) Oil-related activities.--
(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph
(B), the term ``oil-related activities'' includes--
(i) exporting, extracting, producing,
refining, processing, exploring for,
transporting, selling, or trading oil;
(ii) constructing, maintaining, or
operating a pipeline, refinery, or other
oilfield infrastructure; and
(iii) facilitating any activity described
in clause (i) or (ii), including by providing
supplies or services in support of the
activity.
(B) Special rules.--
(i) A company that is involved in the
retail sale of gasoline or related consumer
products in Sudan but is not involved in any
other activity described in subparagraph (A)
shall not be considered to be involved in an
oil-related activity.
(ii) A company that is involved in leasing,
or that owns, rights to an oil block in Sudan
but is not involved in any other activity
described in subparagraph (A) shall not be
considered to be involved in an oil-related
activity.
(13) Power production activities.--The term ``power
production activities'' means--
(A) any business operation that involves a project
commissioned by the National Electricity Corporation of
Sudan or other similar Government of Sudan entity whose
purpose is to facilitate power generation and delivery,
including establishing power-generating plants or
hydroelectric dams, selling or installing components
for the project, providing service contracts related to
the installation or maintenance of the project; and
(B) facilitating an activity described in
subparagraph (A), including by providing supplies or
services in support of the activity.
(14) Substantial action.--The term ``substantial action''
means--
(A) adopting, publicizing, and implementing a
formal plan to cease scrutinized business operations
within 1 year after the date of the enactment of this
Act, and refraining from any new scrutinized business
operations;
(B) undertaking significant humanitarian efforts--
(i) in conjunction with an international
development or humanitarian organization, the
regional government of southern Sudan, or a
non-profit entity;
(ii) substantial in relationship to the
size and scope of the business operations with
respect to Sudan;
(iii) of benefit to 1 or more marginalized
populations of Sudan; and
(iv) evaluated and certified by an
independent third party to meet the
requirements of clauses (i) through (iii); or
(C) materially improving conditions for the
victimized population in Darfur.
SEC. 11. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.
It is the sense of the Congress that the governments of all other
countries should adopt measures, similar to those contained in this
Act, to publicize the activities of all persons that, through their
financial dealings, knowingly or unknowingly enable the Government of
Sudan to continue to oppress and commit genocide against people in the
Darfur region and other regions of Sudan, and to authorize divestment
from, and the avoidance of further investment in, the persons.
SEC. 12. SUNSET.
This Act shall terminate 30 days after the date on which--
(1) the President has certified to Congress that--
(A) the Darfur genocide has been halted for at
least 12 months; and
(B) the Government of Sudan has honored its
commitments to--
(i) abide by United Nations Security
Council Resolution 1706;
(ii) cease attacks on civilians;
(iii) demobilize and demilitarize the
Janjaweed and associated militias;
(iv) grant free and unfettered access for
delivery of humanitarian assistance; and
(v) allow for the safe and voluntary return
of refugees and internally displaced persons;
and
(2) the United States has revoked all sanctions against the
Government of Sudan and the officials of such government,
including sanctions authorized by--
(A) the Sudan Peace Act (Public Law 107-245);
(B) the Comprehensive Peace in Sudan Act of 2004
(Public Law 108-497);
(C) the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization
Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-177);
(D) the Darfur Peace and Accountability Act of 2006
(Public Law 109-344); and
(E) any other Federal law or Executive order.
Passed the House of Representatives July 31, 2007.
Attest:
Clerk.
110th CONGRESS
1st Session
H. R. 180
_______________________________________________________________________
AN ACT
To require the identification of companies that conduct business
operations in Sudan, to prohibit United States Government contracts
with such companies, and for other purposes.