[Federal Register Volume 65, Number 208 (Thursday, October 26, 2000)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 64189-64190]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 00-27582]
[[Page 64189]]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[FRL-6892-3]
Availability of Additional Information on Nitrogen Oxides
Emissions From Portland Cement Kilns Under Proposed Section 110 Federal
Implementation Plan Rulemaking
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Notice of availability.
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SUMMARY: The EPA is making available to the public additional
information on nitrogen oxides (NOX) emissions from portland
cement kilns relating to the proposed Federal implementation plan (FIP)
rulemaking. The purpose of this rulemaking is to reduce interstate
transport of ozone by controlling emissions of NOX. The
NOX emissions significantly contribute to violations of the
national ambient air quality standards for ozone in downwind States.
This document announces the availability of additional information that
will be used to estimate the costs and effectiveness of controls to
reduce emissions of NOX at cement kilns.
ADDRESSES: Documents relevant to this action are available for
inspection at the Office of Air and Radiation Docket and Information
Center (6102), Docket Nos. A-98-12 (Section 110 FIP rulemaking) and A-
96-56 [NOX State implementation plan (SIP) Call rulemaking],
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street, room M-1500,
Washington, DC 20460, telephone (202) 260-7548 between 8:00 a.m. and
5:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. A
reasonable fee may be charged for copying. Other documents related to
this proposed rulemaking have been made available in electronic form at
the following EPA websites: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/rto under
``NOX SIP Call'' and ``Transport FIPs.''
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: General questions concerning today's
action should be addressed to David Cole, Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards, Air Quality Strategies and Standards Division,
MD-15, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, telephone (919) 541-5565, e-
mail at [email protected]. Technical questions concerning cement kiln
data should be addressed to Doug Grano at telephone (919) 541-3292, e-
mail at [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Outline
1. What is today's action?
2. How is this action related to the section 110 final
NOX SIP Call final rulemaking and the proposed FIP
rulemaking?
3. What information is EPA making available?
4. How is this information related to the Section 110
NOX SIP Call final rulemaking and the proposed FIP
rulemaking?
5. Where can I get the information?
1. What Is Today's Action?
Today, we are making available information on emissions of
NOX from portland cement kilns that could potentially be
affected by a Federal action by a FIP under section 110 of the Clean
Air Act. The purpose of making the information available is to ensure
that we have accurate and up-to-date information to characterize the
costs and effectiveness of NOX controls at cement kilns.
2. How Is This Action Related to the Section 110 Final
NOX SIP Call Rulemaking and the Proposed FIP Rulemaking?
On September 24, 1998, in accordance with section 110, we issued a
final rule to require 22 States and the District of Columbia to submit
SIP revisions to prohibit specified amounts of emissions of
NOX-one of the precursors to ozone (smog) pollution-for the
purpose of reducing NOX and ozone transport across State
boundaries in the eastern half of the United States. (63 FR 57356,
October 27, 1998). On October 21, 1998, we proposed FIPs that may be
needed if any State fails to revise its SIP to comply with the
NOX SIP Call. (63 FR 56393, October 21, 1998). The FIP
proposes to control NOX emissions from large stationary
sources, including cement kilns. The information announced today will
be used to support estimates of costs and NOX emissions
reductions potential for cement kilns if we issue a FIP because a State
fails to respond adequately to the NOX SIP Call.
The Section 110 NOX SIP Call Notice of Final Rulemaking
and the FIP Notice of Proposed Rulemaking are contained in the
rulemaking dockets. They are also currently available on EPA's website
at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/rto/ under ``NOX SIP Call'' and
``Transport FIPs.''
3. What Information Is EPA Making Available?
The new information is primarily contained in a September 19, 2000
report entitled ``NOX Control Technologies for the Cement
Industry,'' prepared for EPA by EC/R, Incorporated. This report updates
information in the ``Alternative Control Techniques Document-
NOX Emissions from Cement Manufacturing'' (EPA-453/R-94-
004), which was the primary reference used in preparing the cement kiln
portion of the proposed FIP rulemaking. Updated information on
uncontrolled NOX emissions from cement kilns and on the
current use, effectiveness and cost of NOX controls is
contained in the September 2000 report. The NOX controls
discussed in this report include low NOX burners, mid-kiln
firing, CemStar, and selective noncatalytic reduction. This
report was placed in the docket on September 21, 2000.
In addition, EPA is making available in the docket, by mid-October,
key references cited in the EC/R report. See appendix A at the end of
this notice. These references include information obtained from the
portland cement industry, NOX control vendors and State and
regional agencies. Also available is a document describing experience
with NOX controls for cement kilns in Europe at the
following website: http://eippcb.jrc.es.
4. How Is This Information Related to the Section 110
NOX SIP Call Final Rulemaking and the Proposed FIP
Rulemaking?
The EPA believes this information is helpful in determining the
costs and effectiveness of NOX controls, including controls
proposed in the FIP. The FIP proposed to require installation and
operation of low-NOX burners, mid-kiln firing, or
``alternative control techniques,'' subject to approval by EPA, that
achieve at least the same 30 percent emissions decrease as low-
NOX burners or mid-kiln firing (63 FR 56416, October 21,
1998). The proposal listed emission rates for each type of kiln that
would be considered to meet the ``alternative control techniques''
test.
New information in the September 2000 EC/R report identifies
certain NOX control techniques that should also be
considered ``alternative control techniques'' because they are expected
to achieve, on average, at least a 30 percent emissions decrease. Those
techniques are described in chapter 5 of the EC/R report and are as
follows: CemStar, low-NOX precalciner, tire-
derived fuel at a preheater or precalciner, and selective non-catalytic
reduction, including biosolids injection.
5. Where Can I Get the Information?
The EC/R report is available on the Regional Transport of Ozone
(RTO) website at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/rto/. You will find links to
the data under ``What's New'' and under the ``Related Documents and
Data'' subheadings
[[Page 64190]]
under the ``Transport FIPs'' and ``NOX SIP Call'' headings.
In addition, the report and key references are in Docket No. A-98-12
(section 110 FIP rulemaking).
Dated: October 19, 2000.
Robert D. Brenner,
Acting Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation.
Appendix A--Key References for Cement Kiln Report
1. Andover Technology Partners. NOX Reduction from
Cement Kilns Using the CemStar Process, Evaluation of
CemStar Technology--Final Report to Texas Industries.
Dallas, Texas. April 18, 2000.
2. Letter and attachments from M.H. Vaccaro, Pillard Combustion
Equipment and Control Systems, to G.J. Hawkins, Portland Cement
Association, re: Low NOX Rotaflam burner, dated
January 20, 1999.
3. PSM International, ``Response to USEPA Comments, 13 September
1995, on the proposed alternative NOX RACT for a portland
cement manufacturing plant located in Thomaston, Maine and owned by
Dragon Products Company,'' Jan 31, 1996.
4. Battye, R., and S. Edgerton, EC/R Incorporated. ``December 2,
1999 Trip Report to Mitsubishi Cement Corporation, Cushenbury
Plant.'' Lucerne Valley, CA. Submitted to Dave Sanders, US EPA,
under contract No. 68-D-98-026, work assignment No. 2-28. August 31,
2000.
5. Shumway, D.C. ``Tire Derived Fuel at Mitsubishi Cement
Corporation.'' Received during December 2, 1999 visit to Mitsubishi.
6. Shumway, D.C. Mitsubishi Cement Corporation's Cushenbury
Plant presented at the IEEE West Coast Cement Industry Conference.
Victorville, CA. Oct 1995.
7. Cadence Environmental Energy and Ash Grove Cement. ``Mid-Kiln
Fuel Entry Benefits,'' section 3 of the report, Emission, Reduction,
Technology: Resource Conservation & Recovery. (no date).
8. Letter from Edgerton, S. and T. Stobert, EC/R Inc., to Bill
Neuffer, EPA, Feb 8, 2000. Minutes from Dec 16, 1999 meeting with
representatives from EPA and Cadence.
9. May, M. and L. Walters, Jr. ``Low NOX & Tire-
derived Fuel for the Reduction of NOX from the Portland
Cement Manufacturing Process.'' Cement Americas, August 1999, pp.
10-1.
10. Letter and attachments from Bramble, Kim, Cadence, to Bill
Neuffer, USEPA, re: NOX Emission Reducing Technology,
dated Feb 14, 2000.
11. Radian Corporation, ``MDE Air Permit Test Report for Lehigh
Portland Cement Company, Union Bridge, Maryland Facility,'' January
1996.
12. Lin, M.L., and M.J. Knenlein, Fuel Tech, Inc. Cement Kiln
NOX Reduction Experience Using the
NOXOUT Process. Proceedings of 2000
International Joint Power Generation Conference, Miami Beach, FL.,
July 23-26, 2000.
13. Biggs, H.O., Plant Manager, Mitsubishi Cement Corporation.
Biosolids Injection Technology: An Innovation in Cement Kiln
NOX Control. (no date). Received during December 1999
trip report.
14. Sun, et.al. Reduction of NOX Emissions from
Cement Kiln/ Calciner through the Use of the
NOXOUT Process. Presented at the International
Specialty Conference on Waste Combustion in Boilers and Industrial
Furnaces. Kansas City, MO. April 1994.
15. Interoffice Correspondence from McAnany, L. to Knopfel, H.,
LaFarge Corporation. October 26, 1998. re: Fuel Tech
NOXOUT Testing.
16. Letter with attachments from Bramble, K.J., Cadence
Environmental Energy Inc., Michigan City, IN, to W. Neuffer, U.S.
EPA, RTP, NC. January 20, 2000. Cost of a mid-kiln firing system.
17. Electronic mail from Joe Truini, Waste News to Lee-Greco,
J., EC/R Incorporated, Durham, NC. July 28, 2000. Average tire
tipping fees.
18. Telecon. Neuffer, W., US EPA, Durham, NC and Mayes, G., TAI,
Dallas, TX. March 24, 2000. Information on the CemStar
Process.
19. Telecons. Lee-Greco, J., EC/R Incorporated, Durham, NC and
Mayes, G., TAI, Dallas, TX. July 20 and 28, 2000. Additional
information on the costs of installing CemStar.
20. Electronic mail and telecon. Vaccaro, M., Pillard E.G.C.I.,
Marseille, France with Lee-Greco, J., EC/R Incorporated, Durham, NC.
July 26, 2000. Costs of low-NOX burners.
21. Letter and attachments from Bennett, J.H., California
Portland Cement, Glendora, CA to Neuffer, W.J., U.S. EPA, RTP, NC.
July 2, 1999. Cost of firing system conversion.
22. PSM International, Inc. Available Control Techniques for
NOX Emissions from the Portland Cement Manufacturing
Plant of California Portland Cement Company located in Colton,
California. Prepared by PSM International, Inc., Dallas, Texas for
California Portland Cement, Glendora, CA. March 6, 1995. Heat input
for Colton Plant kilns. p.12.
23. Battye, R., EC/R Incorporated, Chapel Hill, NC. Trip Report
to California Portland Cement Company, Colton Plant, Colton, CA,
December 2, 1999. Prepared for the U.S. EPA, RTP, NC, under contract
No. 68-D-98-026, work assignment No. 2-28. August 16, 2000.
24. Telecon. Lee-Greco, J., EC/R Incorporated, Durham, NC and
Knenlein, M.J., Fuel Tech, Inc. August 17, 2000. Additional cost
information for NOXOUT process.
25. Letter and attachments from Six, E.B., Spencer Fan Britt &
Browne LLP, Kansas City, MO to P. Hamlin, Iowa Department of Natural
Resources, Urbandale, IA. Lafarge Corporation Draft Construction
Permit for Air Emission Source Plant # 82-01-006, project # 96-494.
March 10, 1999. Attachment E--SNCR Data Analysis.
[FR Doc. 00-27582 Filed 10-25-00; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P