[Federal Register Volume 66, Number 97 (Friday, May 18, 2001)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 27601-27615]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 01-10144]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Fish and Wildlife Service
50 CFR Part 23
RIN 1018-AH63
Changes in List of Species in Appendices to the Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of
Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES, or ``the Convention'') regulates
international trade in certain animals and plants. Species for which
such trade is controlled are listed in Appendices I, II, and III to the
Convention. This final rule announces decisions made by the eleventh
meeting of the Conference of the Parties to CITES (COP11) in April 2000
on amendments to Appendices I and II, and incorporates those decisions
in 50 CFR 23.23. This rule also discusses the issue of entering of
reservations by the United States on any of the amendments. The effect
of a reservation would be to exempt the United States from implementing
CITES for a particular species. The United States has entered no
reservations. The CITES amendments to Appendices I and II described in
this rule entered into effect on July 19, 2000, unless specifically
indicated otherwise.
[[Page 27602]]
DATES: This final rule is effective May 18, 2001. The amendments to
Appendices I and II adopted at the recent meeting of the Conference of
the Parties held in Gigiri, Kenya, on April 10-20, 2000, entered into
force 90 days after their adoption under the terms of CITES and,
therefore, were enforceable as of July 19, 2000.
ADDRESSES: Please send correspondence concerning this rule to Chief,
Division of Scientific Authority, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Mail
Stop ARLSQ-750, Washington, DC 20240; (fax number: 703-358-2276;).
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dr. Susan Lieberman, Chief, Division
of Scientific Authority, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Mail Stop
ARLSQ-750, Washington, DC 20240 (phone: 703-358-1708; fax: 703-358-
2276; e-mail: [email protected]).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
CITES regulates import, export, reexport, and introduction from the
sea of certain animal and plant species. Species for which trade is
controlled are included in one of three Appendices. Appendix I includes
species threatened with extinction that are or may be affected by
trade. Appendix II includes species that, although not necessarily
threatened with extinction now, may become so unless trade in them is
strictly controlled. Appendix II also lists species that must be
subject to regulation in order that trade in other listed species may
be brought under effective control (e.g., because of similarity-of-
appearance problems). Appendix III includes species that any Party to
CITES (i.e., a country that has ratified the treaty) identifies as
being subject to regulation within its jurisdiction for purposes of
preventing or restricting exploitation, and for which the Party needs
the cooperation of other Parties to regulate trade. Any Party may
propose amendments to Appendices I and II for consideration at biennial
meetings of the Conference of the Parties. The text of any proposal
must be communicated to the CITES Secretariat at least 150 days before
the meeting. The Secretariat must then consult the other Parties and
appropriate intergovernmental agencies, and communicate their responses
to all Parties no later than 30 days before the meeting.
Recent Decisions
The eleventh meeting of the Conference of the Parties to CITES
(COP11) was held April 10-20, 2000, in Gigiri, Kenya, at the
headquarters of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The
meeting was hosted by UNEP. At the meeting, the Parties considered 21
different plant proposals and 41 different animal proposals to amend
the Appendices (see Table 1 below). We described those proposals in the
Federal Register on February 17, 2000, for proposals submitted by the
United States (65 FR 8190), and on March 8, 2000, for proposals
submitted by other countries (65 FR 12400). In the Federal Register of
March 8, 2000, we also discussed the proposed U.S. negotiating
positions on those proposals submitted by other countries.
The CITES COP meeting was divided into two simultaneous committees.
Committee II discussed management, implementation, and enforcement
issues. Committee I considered and acted upon all proposals to amend
the Appendices (except, of course, those that were withdrawn by the
proponents during the meeting). Each duly accredited attending Party
had one vote, and countries and approved observer organizations were
afforded the opportunity to comment on the proposals. Adoption of
amendments by Committee I required either consensus or, in case of a
vote, a two-thirds majority of those Parties present and voting
(abstentions were not included). The Plenary Session accepted actions
by Committee I on species proposals, unless a motion to reopen debate
was put to vote and approved by one-third of the non-abstaining Parties
voting.
Debate was reopened and votes recast on the following proposals
that had not received the required two-thirds majority in Committee I:
the proposal submitted by Norway to transfer the Northeast Atlantic and
North Atlantic Central stocks of minke whales (Balaenoptera
acutorostrata) from Appendix I to Appendix II; the proposal submitted
by Cuba to transfer the ``Cuban'' population of the hawksbill sea
turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) from Appendix I to Appendix II; and the
proposal submitted by the United Kingdom to include the basking shark
(Cetorhinus maximus) in Appendix II. All these proposals were amended
in Plenary, and were rejected by the Parties in Plenary.
Secret ballots were cast in Committee I or Plenary on seven
different proposals. The proposals that were decided by secret ballot
were for the following species: all whale proposals, hawksbill sea
turtle, great white shark, and basking shark. All proposals brought to
a vote in Plenary were also conducted by secret ballot. The United
States considers this proliferation of secret ballots to be unfortunate
for a number of reasons. We believe that the position of CITES Parties
on species proposals should be public and the voting process
transparent. Governments must be accountable to their citizens. In
addition, secret ballots take significant time away from the
deliberations in both Committee and Plenary. Consequently, the U.S.
delegation to the COP always made public (on the floor or in other
public fora) its vote on species proposals conducted by secret ballot
at COP11. In Committee I, the United States voted for the proposals on
basking shark and great white shark, and against all proposals for
downlisting of whales and sea turtles.
Species proposals submitted or cosponsored by the United States met
with mixed results. The proposals on white wicky (Kalmia cuneata),
Asian box turtles (Cuora spp.; cosponsored by Germany), Sonoran green
toad (Bufo retiformis), and Mantella frogs (Mantella spp.; cosponsored
by The Netherlands) were adopted. The proposals on gyrfalcon (Falco
rusticolus), spotted turtle (Clemmys guttata), whale shark (Rhincodon
typus), great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias; cosponsored by
Australia), and Eastern Hemisphere tarantulas (Poecilotheria spp.;
cosponsored by Sri Lanka) were rejected. It is notable that the
proposals for whale shark, great white shark, and tarantulas received a
simple majority of votes, although they did not receive the two-thirds
majority required for adoption. The proposal on Asian pangolins (Manis
crassicaudata, M. pentadactyla, and M. javanica; cosponsored by India,
Nepal, and Sri Lanka) was amended (species maintained in Appendix II,
with a zero quota for wild specimens) and subsequently adopted. The
proposal on musk deer (Moschus spp.), cosponsored by India and Nepal,
was withdrawn, but a resolution and decision were adopted instead.
The proposal on Black Sea bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus
ponticus; cosponsored by Georgia), pancake tortoise (Malacochersus
tornieri; cosponsored by Kenya), and timber rattlesnake (Crotalus
horridus) were withdrawn, for varying reasons. A number of range
countries supported the bottlenose dolphin proposal, but Georgia was
unable to attend the meeting; the proposal did generate an official COP
decision directing action by the CITES Animals Committee. The timber
rattlesnake proposal was withdrawn by the United States after
significant opposition from European countries led to defeat of the
spotted
[[Page 27603]]
turtle proposal. That bloc opposition was based on opposition to
submission of a proposal for an endemic species (spotted turtle).
Parties argued that it should be up to the United States to adopt
domestic laws regulating their trade as they are native species. We
disagree, since CITES is by definition a multilateral instrument to
deal with the conservation of species subject to international trade.
We continue to assert, and the representatives of U.S. States concurred
at the COP, that the spotted turtle and timber rattlesnake qualify for
CITES Appendix II, and any country has a right to recommend the
inclusion of endemic species in the CITES Appendices. By precedent, a
large number of endemic plant and animal species are already included
in the CITES Appendices. The proposals to include three shark species
(whale shark, great white shark, and basking shark) in Appendix II
encountered bloc opposition from Parties opposed to any CITES
involvement in marine species issues and were defeated. The gyrfalcon
proposal (Falco rusticolus), involving another U.S. species, was
opposed primarily by members of the European Union and other European
countries, which claimed that such a split-listing would encourage
illegal collection and trade in wild specimens originating in Europe.
The United States is currently considering, at least for the
spotted turtle and timber rattlesnake, an Appendix III listing as an
alternative conservation strategy for these native species subject to
international trade. In considering this approach, we will fully
consult State wildlife agencies. If we decide to pursue this course of
action, we will solicit public comments.
Table 1.--Results of Actions by the Eleventh Meeting of the Conference to the Parties (COP11) to CITES
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Proposal Species/taxon Proposed amendment Proponent Decision
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PLANTS
Proposals submitted on behalf of the Plants Committee
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11.1.......... Ceropegia spp..... Delete from Switzerland....... Adopted.
Appendix II.
11.2.......... Frerea indica..... Delete from Switzerland....... Adopted.
Appendix II.
11.3.......... Byblis spp........ Delete from Australia......... Adopted.
Appendix II.
11.4.......... Disocactus Transfer from Switzerland....... Adopted.
macdougalli Appendix I to
(McDougal's Appendix II.
cactus).
11.5.......... Sclerocactus Transfer from Switzerland....... Rejected.
mariposensis Appendix I to
(Mariposa cactus). Appendix II.
11.6.......... Cephalotus Delete from Australia......... Adopted.
follicularis. Appendix II.
11.7.......... Dudleya Transfer from Switzerland....... Adopted as amended.\1\
stolonifera Appendix I to
Dudleya traskiae Appendix II.
(Laguna Beach and
Santa Barbara
Island Dudleya).
11.8.......... Cyathea spp....... (a) Change Switzerland....... Adopted.
listings of
Cyatheaceae spp.
to Cyathea spp
(including
Alsophila,
Nephelea,
Sphaeropteris,
Trichipteris).
Cibotium barometz (b) Change listing
Dicksonia spp. of Dicksoniaceae
spp. to Dicksonia
spp. (the
Americas only)
and Cibotium
barometz.
11.9.......... Shortia Delete from Switzerland....... Withdrawn.
galacifolia Appendix II.
(Oconee bells).
11.10......... Lewisia cotyledon Delete from Switzerland....... Adopted as amended.\2\
(Siskiyou Appendix II.
lewisia) Lewisia
maguirei
(Maguire's
lewisia) Lewisia
serrata (Saw-
toothed lewisia).
11.11......... Darlingtonia Delete from Switzerland....... Adopted.
californica Appendix II.
(California
pitcher plant,
cobra-lily).
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OTHERS
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11.53......... .................. Harmonize Switzerland....... Adopted.
exemptions for
medicinal
products: combine
annotation #2--P.
hexandrum and R.
serpentina with
annotation #8--
Taxus wallichiana.
11.54......... Panax ginseng Inclusion in Russia............ Adopted as amended.\3\
(Ginseng). Appendix II of
roots.
11.55......... Araucaria araucana Transfer from Argentina......... Adopted.
(Monkey-puzzle Appendix II to
tree). Appendix I
(Argentina
population).
11.56......... Cactaceae spp..... Exempt up to 3 Chile............. Withdrawn.*
specimens of
rainsticks
(Cactaceae,
Echinopsis,
Eulychnia) per
person.
11.57......... Kalmia cuneata Delete from United States..... Adopted
(White wicky). Appendix II.
11.58......... Camptotheca Inclusion in China............. Withdrawn.
acuminata (Happy Appendix II.
tree).
11.59......... Cistanche Inclusion in China............. Adopted as amended.\4\
deserticola Appendix II.
(Desert
cistanche).
[[Page 27604]]
11.60......... Harpagophytum Inclusion in Germany........... Withdrawn.
procumbens Appendix II.
Harpagophytum
zeyheri (Devil's
claw).
11.61......... Adonis vernalis Inclusion in Germany........... Adopted as amended.\5\
(Spring adonis). Appendix II
(excluding potted
live plants).
11.62......... Guaiacum sanctum Transfer from United States..... Withdrawn.*
(Lignum vitae). Appendix II to
Appendix I.
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ANIMALS
Proposals with export quotas
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11.12......... Crocodylus Maintain Tanzanian Tanzania.......... Adopted.
niloticus Nile population in
crocodile. Appendix II;
annual export
quota of 1,600.
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OTHER PROPOSALS
MAMMALS
Order Pholidota
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11.13......... Manis Transfer from India; Nepal; Sri Adopted as amended.\6\
crassicaudata Appendix II to Lanka; United
Manis Appendix I. States.
pentadactyla
Manis javanica
(Asian pangolins).
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Order Cetacea
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11.14......... Tursiops truncatus Transfer from Georgia; United Withdrawn.*
ponticus (Black Appendix II to States.
Sea bottlenose Appendix I.
dolphin).
11.15......... Eschrichtius Transfer the Japan............. Rejected.
robustus (Gray Eastern North
whale). Pacific stock
from Appendix I
to Appendix II.
11.16......... Balaenoptera Transfer the Japan............. Rejected as originally submitted and
acutorostrata Southern as amended.\7\
(Minke whale). Hemisphere stock
from Appendix I
to Appendix II.
11.17......... Balaenoptera Transfer the Japan............. Rejected.
acutorostrata Okhotsk Sea-W.
(Minke whale). Pacific stock
from Appendix I
to Appendix II.
11.18......... Balaenoptera Transfer the NE Norway............ Rejected as originally submitted and
acutorostrata Atlantic stock & as amended.\8\
(Minke whale). the N. Atlantic
Central stock
from Appendix I
to Appendix II.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Order Carnivora
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11.19......... Parahyaena Delete from Namibia; Adopted.
(Hyaena) brunnea Appendix II. Switzerland.
(Brown hyaena).
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Order Proboscidea
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11.20......... Loxodonta africana Transfer South South Africa...... Adopted as amended.\9\
(African African
elephant). population from
Appendix I to
Appendix II with
annotations for
trade (30 tons of
ivory, hides and
leather goods,
trophies, live
animals).
11.21......... Loxodonta africana Maintain the Botswana.......... Withdrawn.
(African Botswana
elephant). population in
Appendix II, with
annotations for
trade (12 tons of
ivory, hides and
leather goods,
trophies, live
animals).
11.22......... Loxodonta africana Maintain the Namibia........... Withdrawn.
(African Namibia
elephant). population in
Appendix II, with
annotations for
trade (2 tons of
ivory, hides and
leather goods,
trophies, live
animals).
11.23......... Loxodonta africana Maintain the Zimbabwe.......... Withdrawn.
(African Zimbabwe
elephant). population in
Appendix II, with
annotations for
trade (10 tons of
ivory, hides and
leather goods,
ivory carvings,
live animals,
trophies).
[[Page 27605]]
11.24......... Loxodonta africana Transfer to India; Kenya...... Withdrawn.
(African Appendix I all
elephant). populations
currently listed
in Appendix II.
11.25......... Loxodonta africana Amend the Switzerland....... Adopted.
(African annotation for
elephant). Appendix II
populations
(regarding the
destination of
live animals).
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Order Sirenia
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11.26......... Dugong dugon Transfer the Australia......... Adopted.
(Dugong). Australian
population from
Appendix II to
Appendix I.
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Order Artiodactyla
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11.27......... Vicugna vicugna Transfer all Bolivia........... Withdrawn.
(Vicuna). populations in
Bolivia that are
in Appendix I to
Appendix II.
11.28......... Vicugna vicugna Delete the zero Bolivia........... Adopted.
(Vicuna). quota for trade
in cloth from
populations in
Appendix II.
11.29......... Moschus spp. (Musk Transfer to India; Nepal; Withdrawn.*
deer). Appendix I all United States.
populations
listed in
Appendix II.
11.30......... Ovis vignei Include in Germany........... Adopted as amended.\10\
(Urial). Appendix I all
subspecies not
yet listed in the
Appendices.
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BIRDS
Order Rheiformes
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11.31......... Rhea pennata (= Transfer Argentine Argentina......... Adopted.
Pterocnemia populations from
pennata pennata) Appendix I to
(Darwin's rhea). Appendix II.
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Order Falconiformes
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11.32......... Falco rusticolus Transfer the North United States..... Rejected.
(Gyrfalcon). American
population from
Appendix I to
Appendix II, with
a zero quota for
export of wild
birds.
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Order Psittaciformes
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11.33......... Eunymphicus Transfer from France............ Adopted.
cornutus cornutus Appendix II to
(Horned parakeet). Appendix I.
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11.34......... Eunymphicus Transfer from France............ Adopted.
cornutus Appendix II to
uveaensis (Horned Appendix I.
parakeet).
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Order Passeriformes
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11.35......... Garrulax canorus Inclusion in China............. Adopted.
(Hwamei). Appendix II.
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REPTILES
Order Testudinata
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11.36......... Cuora spp. (Asian Inclusion in Germany; United Adopted.
box turtles). Appendix II. States.
11.37......... Clemmys guttata Inclusion in United States..... Rejected.
(Spotted turtles). Appendix II.
11.38......... Geochelone sulcata Transfer from France............ Adopted as amended.\11\
(African spurred Appendix II to
turtle). Appendix I.
11.39......... Malacochersus Transfer from Kenya; United Withdrawn.\12\
tornieri (Pancake Appendix II to States.
tortoise). Appendix I.
11.40......... Eretmochelys Transfer ``Cuban Cuba; Dominicia... Withdrawn.
imbricata Population'' from
(Hawksbill sea Appendix I to
turtle). Appendix II, with
annotation for:
(1) export of
stocks (6,900 kg)
to Japan; (2)
export each year
thereafter, to
Japan or to other
Parties (up to
500 turtles).
[[Page 27606]]
11.41......... Eretmochelys Transfer ``Cuban Cuba.............. Rejected as originally submitted and
imbricata population'' from as amended.\13\
(Hawksbill sea Appendix I to
turtle). Appendix II, with
annotation for
export in one
shipment of
registered stocks
(6,900 kg) to
Japan only.
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Order Sauria
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11.43......... Varanus melinus Transfer from Germany........... Withdrawn.
(Quince monitor). Appendix II to
Appendix I.
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Order Serpentes
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11.44......... Crotalus horridus Inclusion in United States..... Withdrawn.
(Timber Appendix II.
rattlesnake).
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AMPHIBIANS
Order Anura
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11.45......... Bufo retiformis Delete from United States..... Adopted.
(Sonoran green Appendix II.
toad).
11.46......... Mantella spp. Inclusion in Netherlands; Adopted.
(Mantella frogs). Appendix II United States.
(Mantella
aurantiaca
already in
Appendix II).
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FISH
Order Orectolobiformes
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11.47......... Rhincodon typus Inclusion in United States..... Rejected.
(Whale shark). Appendix II.
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Order Lamniformes
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11.48......... Carcharodon Inclusion in Australia; United Rejected as originally submitted and
carcharias (Great Appendix I. States. amended.\14\
white shark).
11.49......... Cetorhinus maximus Inclusion in United Kingdom.... Rejected as amended.\15\
(Basking shark). Appendix II.
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Order Coelacanthiformes
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11.50......... Latimeria spp. Inclusion in Germany; France... Adopted.
(Coelacanths). Appendix I
(Latimeria
chalumnae is
already in
Appendix I).
11.51......... Latimeria Inclusion in Indonesia; Germany Withdrawn.
menadoensis. Appendix I.
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INVERTEBRATES
Order Araneae
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11.52........ Poecilotheria spp. Inclusion in United States; Sri Rejected.
(Eastern Appendix II. Lanka.
Hemisphere
tarantulas).
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\1\ Dudleya stolonifera transferred to Appendix II. Dudleya traskiae to remain in Appendix I.
\2\ Lewisia cotyledon deleted. Lewisia maguirei and Lewisia serrata retained in Appendix II.
\3\ Russian population only.
\4\ Amended annotation (now same as annotation #3).
\5\ Annotation for dried specimens (either whole or in part) only.
\6\ Species remain in Appendix II with a zero quota for trade from the wild.
\7\ Proposal was amended twice. First amended by Japan to allow only trade between Parties with a DNA
identification. Then, Suriname proposed amendment for zero quota until COP12.
\8\ Limited trade to animals taken within Norwegian waters, and only for trade to countries with DNA-based
identification systems.
\9\ Amendment: Zero quota on ivory.
\10\ All unlisted populations listed in Appendix II.
\11\ Species remains in Appendix II with a zero quota for exports from the wild.
\12\ Withdrawn after discussions between Kenya and Tanzania. Tanzania committed to not allow any exports from
the wild.
\13\ Cuba proposed annotation that trade would not take place until the control systems in Japan were reviewed
by the Standing Committee.
\14\ Amended to Appendix II.
\15\ Amended to include a 12-month delay in effective date for implementation.
* A Resolution or Decision of the Conference of the Parties was adopted dealing with this species.
[[Page 27607]]
Nomenclature Changes
At each meeting of the Conference of the Parties, the Parties also
adopt certain nomenclature changes to the Appendices, based on adoption
of new references or other scientific information. The adoption of the
Nomenclature Report does not change the Appendix in which a species
appears, but does change what name must be used for the species. As a
result of the adoption by the Conference of the Parties of nomenclature
changes, the names of the following taxa have been included in the
CITES Appendices:
Table 2.--Taxonomic Changes to the CITES Appendices as Decided at COP11
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Class, order, and
Common name Currently listed as Previously listed as family
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Southern or Antarctic minke whale.... Balaenoptera Balaenoptera Class Mammalia, Order
bonaerensis. acutorostrata. Cetacea, Family
Balaenopteridae
Cuatro Cienagas spiny soft-shell Apalone ater........... Trionyx ater........... Class Reptilia, Order
turtle. Testudinata, Family
Trionychidae
Indian soft-shell turtle............. Aspideretes gangeticus. Trionyx gangeticus..... Class Reptilia, Order
Testudinata, Family
Trionychidae.
Peacock soft-shell turtle............ Aspideretes hurum...... Trionyx hurum.......... Class Reptilia, Order
Testudinata, Family
Trionychidae.
Black soft-shell turtle.............. Aspideretes nigricans.. Trionyx nigricans...... Class Reptilia, Order
Testudinata, Family
Trionychidae.
Pythons.............................. Family Pythonidae...... Family Boidae.......... Class Reptilia, Order
Serpentes.
Round Island boas.................... Family Bolyeriidae..... Family Boidae.......... Class Reptilia, Order
Serpentes.
Mexican dwarf boas................... Family Loxocemidae..... Family Boidae.......... Class Reptilia, Order
Serpentes.
Small ground boas.................... Family Tropidophiidae.. Family Boidae.......... Class Reptilia, Order
Serpentes.
Chameleons........................... Calumma spp. and Chamaeleo spp.......... Class Reptilia, Order
Furcifer spp. Sauria, Family
Chamaeleonidae.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COP11 Results
Results of the actions by the Conference of the Parties on the
Appendices are given in tables 3-5 below. Details on the actual votes
for proposals and related information are available from the Division
of Scientific Authority (see ADDRESSES, above), our web site (http://international.fws.gov/cop11/cop11.html), and the CITES Secretariat's
web site (www.wcmc.org.uk/CITES/eng/index.shtml).
Table 3.--Taxa Removed From the CITES Appendices
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Species Common name Appendix
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CLASS MAMMALIA.................. MAMMALS................
Order Carnivora................. Canids, Cats, Bears,
Mustelids, etc.
Parahyaena brunnea.......... Brown hyaena........... II
CLASS AMPHIBIA.................. AMPHIBIANS.............
Order Anura..................... Frogs, Toads...........
Bufo retiformis............. Sonoran green toad..... II
PLANT KINGDOM................... PLANTS.................
Family Asclepiadaceae........... Milkweed family........
Ceropegia spp............... Ceropegia family....... II
Frerea indica............... ....................... II
Family Byblidaceae.............. Byblis family..........
Byblis spp.................. Byblis, Rainbow plants. II
Family Cephalotaceae............ Australian pitcher-
plant family.
Cephalotus follicularis..... West Australian pitcher- II
plant.
Family Ericaceae................ Heath family...........
Kalmia cuneata.............. White wicky............ II
Family Portulacaceae............ Portulaca family.......
Lewisia cotyledon............... Siskiyou lewisia....... II
Family Sarraceniaceae........... New World pitcher plant
family.
Darlingtonia californica.... Western pitcher plant, II
Cobra-lily.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 4.--New Taxa or Populations Added to the CITES Appendices
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Species Common name Appendix
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CLASS MAMMALIA.................. MAMMALS................
Order Artiodactyla.............. Even-toed ungulates....
Ovis vignei [all previously Urial.................. II
unlisted subspecies].
CLASS AVES...................... BIRDS..................
Order Passeriformes............. Perching birds,
Songbirds.
Garrulax canorus............ Hwamei................. II
CLASS REPTILIA.................. REPTILES...............
Order Testudinata............... Turtles, Tortoises.....
[[Page 27608]]
Cuora spp................... Asian box turtles...... II
CLASS AMPHIBIA.................. AMPHIBIANS.............
Order Anura..................... Frogs, Toads...........
Mantella spp. [all Mantella frogs......... II
previously unlisted
species].
CLASS OSTEICHTHYES.............. BONY FISHES............
Order Coelacanthiformes......... Coelacanth.............
Latimeria spp. [all Coelacanth............. I
previously unlisted
species].
PLANT KINGDOM................... PLANTS.................
Family Araliaceae............... Ginseng family.........
Panax ginseng [population of Ginseng................ II
Russia].
Family Orobanchaceae............
Cistanche deserticola....... Desert cistanche....... II
Family Ranunculaceae............
Adonis vernalis............. Spring adonis.......... II
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 5.--Revisions in the CITES Appendices Resulting From Nomenclature
Changes and Split-Listing of Specific Populations
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Species Common name Appendix
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CLASS MAMMALIA.............. MAMMALS.............
Order Cetacea............... Whales, Porpoises,
Dolphins.
Balaenoptera bonaerensis Southern minke whale I
\1\.
Order Proboscidea........... Elephants...........
Loxodonta africana African elephant.... II
[population of South
Africa \2\].
Order Sirenia............... Dugongs, Manatees...
Dugong dugon [population Dugong.............. I
of Australia \3\].
CLASS AVES.................. BIRDS...............
Order Rheiformes............ Rheas...............
Rhea pennata pennata Darwin's rhea....... II
[population of
Argentina \2\].
Order Psittaciformes........ Parrots, Parakeets,
Macaws, Lories,
Cockatoos, etc.
Eunymphicus cornutus Horned parakeet..... I
cornutus \3\.
Eunymphicus cornutus Horned parakeet..... I
uveaensis \3\.
CLASS REPTILIA.............. REPTILES............
Order Testudinata........... Turtles, Tortoises..
Apalone ater \4\........ Cuatro Cienegas I
softshell turtle.
Aspideretes gangeticus Indian soft-shell I
\4\. turtle.
Aspideretes hurum \4\... Peacock soft-shell I
turtle.
Aspideretes nigricans Black soft-shell I
\4\. turtle.
Order Sauria................ Lizards.............
Calumma spp.\5\......... Chamaeleons......... II
Furcifer spp.\5\........ Chamaeleons......... II
Order Serpentes............. Snakes..............
Atropoides nummifer \6\. Jumping pit-viper... III (Honduras)
Bolyeriidae spp.\7\..... Round island boas... II
Daboia russellii \8\.... Russell's viper..... III (India)
Bothriechis schlegelii Eyelash palm pit- III (Honduras)
\6\. viper.
Porthidium nasutus \6\.. Rainforest hognosed III (Honduras)
pit-viper.
Porthidium ophryomegas Slender hognosed pit- III (Honduras)
\6\. viper.
Loxocemidae spp.\7\..... Mexican dwarf boas.. II
Pythonidae spp.\7\...... Pythons............. II
Tropidophiidaedae Small ground boas... II
spp.\7\.
PLANT KINGDOM............... PLANTS..............
Family Araucariaceae........ Monkey-puzzle tree
family.
Araucaria araucana Monkey-puzzle tree.. I
[population of
Argentina] \3\.
Family Cactaceae............ Cactus family.......
Disocactus (= Lobeira, = MacDougall's cactus. II
Nopalxochia)
macdougallii \2\.
Family Crassulaceae......... Stonecrop family....
Dudleya stolonifera \2\. Laguna Beach dudleya II
Family Cyatheaceae.......... Tree-fern family....
Cyathea spp.\9\......... .................... II
Family Dicksoniaceae........ Tree-fern family....
Cibotium barometz \10\.. .................... II
Dicksonia spp. [the .................... II
Americas only] \10\.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Previously considered a southern population of Balaenoptera
acutorostrata.
\2\ Downlisted from Appendix I to Appendix II.
\3\ Uplisted from Appendix II to Appendix I.
\4\ Previously in genus Trionyx.
\5\ Previously member of genus Chamaeleo.
\6\ Previously in genus Bothrops.
[[Page 27609]]
\7\ Previously listed as family Boidae.
\8\ Previously Vipera russellii.
\9\ Previously entire family Cyatheaceae listed.
\10\ Previously entire family Dicksoniaceae listed.
Consequences of Amendments of Appendices I and II
All proposals in table 1 that were approved by the Conference of
the Parties entered into effect 90 days after the meeting (i.e., on
July 19, 2000) under the terms of the CITES treaty. Article XV of CITES
enables any Party to exempt itself from implementing CITES for any
particular species, if the Party enters a reservation with respect to
that species. A Party desiring to enter a reservation must do so during
the 90-day period immediately following the close of the meeting at
which the Parties voted to include the species in Appendix I or
Appendix II. If the United States were to decide to enter any
reservation, this action must have been transmitted to the Depositary
Government (Switzerland) by July 19, 2000.
Reservations, if entered, do little to relieve importers in the
United States from the need for foreign export permits, because the
U.S. Lacey Act Amendments of 1981 (16 U.S.C. 3371 et seq.) make it a
Federal offense to import into the United States any animals taken,
possessed, transported, or sold in violation of foreign conservation
laws. If a foreign country has enacted CITES as part of its positive
law, and that country has not taken a reservation with regard to the
animal or plant, or its parts or derivatives, the United States (even
if it had taken a reservation on a species) would continue to require
CITES export documents as a condition of import.
Any reservation by the United States would provide exporters in
this country with little relief from the need for U.S. export
documents. Importing countries that are party to CITES would generally
require CITES-equivalent documentation from the United States, even if
it enters a reservation, because the Parties have agreed to allow trade
with non-Parties (including reserving Parties) only if they issue
documents containing all the information required in CITES permits or
certificates. In addition, if a reservation is taken on a species
listed in Appendix I, the species should still be treated by the
reserving Party as in Appendix II according to Resolution Conf. 4.25,
thereby still requiring CITES documents for export.
The United States has never entered a reservation to a CITES
listing, including the listings resulting from COP11. It is the policy
of the United States that commercial trade in Appendix I species for
which a country has entered a reservation undermines the effectiveness
of CITES. All new listings in the Appendices adopted at COP11 (all
previously unlisted populations of urial, hwamei, Asian box turtles,
Mantella frogs, all coelacanths, ginseng, desert cistanche, and spring
adonis) and all transfers from Appendix II to Appendix I (dugong,
horned parakeets, and monkey-puzzle tree) were supported by the United
States. Because we announced our position on all of these proposals
well in advance of the meeting, we did not solicit public comments on
whether we should enter any reservations following COP11.
Requirements of Other Laws
Changes in the CITES listing status of species as a consequence of
actions taken at COP11 do not supersede import or export requirements
pursuant to other wildlife conservation laws. For example, import or
export of species listed as ``threatened'' or ``endangered'' under the
U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) still must meet the provisions of
that law and its implementing regulations in 50 CFR part 17, even if
those species have been transferred to a less protective CITES Appendix
or removed from the Appendices entirely.
Among the species downlisted to Appendix II at COP11, or with an
amended annotation, but still subject to stricter ESA provisions are
the African elephant, Darwin's rhea, and the vicuna. The brown hyena,
removed from Appendix II, also remains listed under the ESA. The
African elephant is also subject to provisions of the U.S. African
Elephant Conservation Act (AECA). Because of the high public interest
in this species and the complexity of the terms of the CITES
downlistings, the effects of the downlistings on trade in African
elephant products is treated separately in more detail below. Species
of birds included in the CITES Appendices for the first time (hwamei)
are now subject to the terms and provisions of the U.S. Wild Bird
Conservation Act (WBCA) and its regulations in 50 CFR part 15. This
inclusion will result in a prohibition on the importation of this
species unless they qualify for exemptions established by regulation.
Copies of these implementing regulations are available from the
Service's Division of Management Authority
and from our web site at http://international.fws.gov/.
Importation Into the United States of Sport-Hunted Trophies of
African Elephants From the Republic of South Africa
The African elephant is listed as ``threatened'' under the ESA with
a special rule at 50 CFR 17.40(e). Under the special rule, a personally
taken sport-hunted trophy may be imported into the United States when
it has (1) originated in a country for which the Service has received
notice for that country's African elephant ivory quota for the year of
export; (2) the permit requirements of the regulations for CITES
permits (50 CFR 13 and 23) have been met; (3) the Service has
determined that the take of the trophy for import would enhance the
survival of the species; and (4) the ivory has been marked as outlined
in the special rule. All these conditions continued to apply after the
Appendix II listing for the elephant populations of South Africa became
effective on July 19, 2000.
In making the required enhancement findings, the Service reviews
the status of the population and the total management program for the
elephant in each country to ensure the program is promoting the
conservation of the species. The Service will make such findings on a
periodic basis upon receipt of new information on the species'
population or management. The enhancement findings for importation of
sport-hunted elephant trophies from South Africa are on file in the
Division of Management Authority and remain in effect until the Service
finds, based on new information, that the conditions of the special
rule are no longer met and has published a notice of any change in the
Federal Register.
The practical effect of the downlisting of the South African
population for sport hunters is that an import permit will no longer be
required for noncommercial imports of African elephant sport-hunted
trophies from South Africa, as well as Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe
only (elephant populations in the latter three countries were
downlisted to Appendix II in 1997 during COP10). Only a CITES export
permit from the country of origin or a reexport certificate from an
intermediate country will be required. Populations of African elephants
in all other countries, however, remain in Appendix I. Therefore,
importation into the United States of sport-hunted elephant trophies
from these other
[[Page 27610]]
countries will continue to require prior issuance of both an import and
export permit. As in the past, under the requirements of the AECA, no
sport trophies of African elephants, or the raw ivory derived from
sport-hunted trophies, whether from Appendix I or Appendix II
populations, may be exported from the United States.
Importation of Live African Elephants, Ivory, and Other African
Elephant Products
When the downlisting of the elephant populations of South Africa
became effective on July 19, 2000, it became possible to import live
elephants from that country into the United States ``to appropriate and
acceptable destinations'' without an import permit and without need for
an enhancement finding. Only an export permit from the country of
origin, or a reexport certificate from an intermediate country, is now
necessary. Commercial trade in hides and leather products will also be
allowed. Hides or leather products from elephant populations other than
those of South Africa and Zimbabwe are still considered to be specimens
included in Appendix I and cannot be imported by any CITES Party for
commercial purposes. Regardless of any provisions of the African
elephant downlistings at COP10 and COP11 for export of elephant ivory
or ivory products, import of worked ivory into the United States
continues to be prohibited under the terms of AECA or under the
provisions of the ESA 4(d) special rule, unless they meet any of the
following exceptions: (1) Bona fide antiques more than 100 years old;
(2) personal and household effects registered with U.S. Customs on
export and now being reimported; or (3) pre-Convention items for
noncommercial use acquired prior to the first listing of the elephants
under CITES in 1977. With the exception of appropriately marked sport-
hunted trophies, import of raw ivory is strictly prohibited.
Required Determinations
This rule was not subject to Office of Management and Budget review
under Executive Order 12866. Because these amendments are simply
notifications of actions taken by the CITES Parties, they are not
``rules'' as defined in 5 U.S.C. 551. Similarly, the Regulatory
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601) does not apply to the CITES listing
process. The proposed adjustments to the list in 50 CFR 23.23 are
solely informational to provide the public with accurate data on the
species covered by CITES. The listing changes adopted by the Parties
took effect on July 19, 2000, under the terms of the CITES treaty.
This rule does not contain new or revised information collection
for which Office of Management and Budget (OMB) approval is required
under the Paperwork Reduction Act. Information collection associated
with CITES permits is covered by an existing OMB approval, and is
assigned clearance No. 1018-0093, Form 3-200-27, with an expiration
date of February 28, 2001. Detailed information for the CITES
documentation appears at 50 CFR 23.15(g). The Service may not conduct
or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of
information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.
The Department of the Interior has determined that amendments to
the CITES Appendices, which result from actions of the Parties to the
Convention, do not require the preparation of Environmental Assessments
as defined under authority of the National Environmental Policy Act (42
U.S.C. 4321-4347). This rule is categorically excluded from further
National Environmental Policy Act requirements, under Part 516 of the
Departmental Manual, Chapter 2, Appendix 1.10.
This document is issued under authority of the Endangered Species
Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq. and 87 Stat. 884, as amended). It
was prepared by Dr. Javier Alvarez, Division of Scientific Authority.
List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 23
Endangered and threatened species, Exports, Fish, Imports, Marine
mammals, Plants, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Treaties.
Regulation Promulgation
For the reasons set forth in the preamble, the Service amends title
50, chapter I, subchapter B, part 23 of the Code of Federal Regulations
as follows:
PART 23--ENDANGERED SPECIES CONVENTION
1. The authority citation for part 23 continues to read as follows:
Authority: Convention on International Trade in Endangered
Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, 27 U.S.T. 1087; and Endangered
Species Act of 1973, as amended, 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.
2. In Sec. 23.23, amend the table in paragraph (f) as follows:
a. Remove the following entries:
In CLASS MAMMALIA (common name, MAMMALS):
Parahyaena brunnea (common name, brown hyaena; in Order Carnivora,
common name, Carnivores: Cats, Bears, etc.);
D. dugon (Australian population) (common name, Dugong; in Order
Sirenia, common name, Dugongs, Manatees);
O. vignei vignei (common name, Shapo; in Order Artiodactyla, common
name, Even-toed ungulates).
In CLASS REPTILIA (common name, REPTILES):
B. nasutus (common name, Rainforest hognosed pit-viper; in Order
Serpentes, common name, Snakes).
In CLASS AMPHIBIA (common name, AMPHIBIANS):
B. retiformis, (common name, Sonoran green toad; In Order Anura,
common name Frogs, Toads).
In PLANT KINGDOM:
Araucaria araucana (all populations except that of Chile) (common
name, Monkey-puzzle tree; in Family Araucariaceae, common name Monkey-
puzzle tree family);
A. araucana (population of Chile) (common name, Monkey-puzzle tree;
in Family Araucariaceae, common name Monkey-puzzle tree family);
Family Asclepiadaceae (common name, Milkweed family), including
Ceropegia spp. (common name, Ceropegias) and Frerea indica;
Family Byblidaceae (common name, Byblis family), including Byblis
spp. (common name, Byblis, Rainbow plants);
Disocactus (=Lobeira, =Nopalxochia) macdougallii (common name,
MacDougall's cactus; in Family Cactaceae, common name, Cactus family);
Family Cephalotaceae (common name, Australian pitcher-plant
family), including Cephalotus follicularis (common name, West
Australian pitcher plant);
Family Ericaceae (common name, Heath family), including Kalmia
cuneata (common name, White wicky);
Lewisia cotyledon (common name, Siskiyou lewisia; in Family
Portulacaceae, common name, Portulaca family);
Darlingtonia californica (common name, Western pitcher plant,
Cobra-lily; in Family Sarraceniaceae, common name, New World pitcher
plant family).
b. Revise the following entries:
In CLASS MAMMALIA (common name, MAMMALS):
Manis spp. (common name, pangolins; in Order Pholidota, common
name, Pangolins, Scaly Anteaters);
Balaenoptera acutorostrata (common name, Minke whale; in Order
Cetacea, common name, Whales, Porpoises, Dolphins);
Loxodonta africana (common name, African elephant; in Order
Proboscidea, common name, Elephants) (both entries);
[[Page 27611]]
Dugong dugon (except for Australian population) (common name,
Dugong; in Order Sirenia, common name, Dugongs, Manatees);
Bos gaurus (common name, Seladang, Guar; in Order Artiodactyla,
common name, Even-toed ungulates);
V. vicugna (Bolivia) (common name, Vicuna; in Order Artiodactyla,
common name, Even-toed ungulates).
In CLASS AVES (common name, BIRDS):
Rhea pennata pennata (common name, Darwin's rhea; in Order
Rheiformes, common name Rheas);
Eunymphicus cornutus (common name, horned parakeet; in Order
Psittaciformes, common name Parrots, Parakeets, Macaws, Lories,
Cockatoos, etc.).
In CLASS REPTILIA (common name, REPTILES):
Trionyx ater (common name, Cuatro Cienegas softshell turtle; in
Order Testudinata, common name, Turtles, Tortoises);
Trionyx gangeticus (common name, Indian softshell turtle; in Order
Testudinata, common name, Turtles, Tortoises);
Trionyx hurum (common name, Peacock softshell turtle; in Order
Testudinata, common name, Turtles, Tortoises);
Trionyx nigricans (common name, Black softshell turtle; in Order
Testudinata, common name, Turtles, Tortoises);
Boidae spp. (common name, Boa Constrictors and Pythons; in Order
Serpentes, common name, Snakes);
Bothrops nummifer (common name, Jumping pit-viper; in Order
Serpentes, common name, Snakes);
Bothrops ophryomegas (common name, Slender hognosed pit-viper; in
Order Serpentes, common name, Snakes);
Bothrops schlegelii (common name, Eyelash palm pit-viper; in Order
Serpentes, common name, Snakes);
Vipera russellii (common name, Russell's viper; in Order Serpentes,
common name, Snakes).
In PLANT KINGDOM (common name, PLANTS):
Rauvolfia serpentina (common name, Snake-root devil-pepper; in
Family Apocynaceae, common name, Dogbane family);
Podophyllum hexandrum (common name, Himalayan may-apple; in Family
Berberidaceae, common name Barberry family);
Dudleya stolonifera (common name, Laguna Beach dudleya; in Family
Crassulaceae, common name, Stonecrop family);
Family Cyatheaceae (common name, Tree-fern family);
Family Dicksoniaceae (common name, Tree-fern family);
Taxus wallichiana (common name, Himalayan yew; in Family Taxaceae,
common name, Yew family).
c. Add new entries as set forth below.
Note: In the animal classes (Mammals, Birds, Reptiles,
Amphibians, and Bony Fishes), the orders are listed in taxonomic
sequence, and the species are listed alphabetically within each
order; in the plant kingdom, the families are listed alphabetically,
and the species are listed alphabetically within each family.
The revisions and additions read as follows:
Sec. 23.23 Species listed in Appendices I, II, and III.
* * * * *
(f) * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
First listing
Species Common name Appendix date (month/day/
year)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CLASS MAMMALIA: MAMMALS:
* * * * * *
*
Order Pholidota: Pangolins, Scaly Anteaters:
Manis spp. (all species except Pangolins.................. II......................... 7/1/75
those with an annual export
quota).
Manis crassicaudata [zero quota Indian pangolin............ II......................... 7/1/75
for wild specimens].
Manis javanica [zero quota for Malayan pangolin........... II......................... 7/1/75
wild specimens].
Manis pentadactyla [zero quota Chinese pangolin........... II......................... 7/1/75
for wild specimens].
* * * * * *
*
Order Cetacea: Whales, Porpoises,
Dolphins:
* * * * * *
*
Balaenoptera acutorostrata (all Northern minke whale....... I.......................... 6/28/79
populations except that of
West Greenland).
Balaenoptera bonaerensis....... Southern minke whale....... I.......................... 6/28/79
* * * * * *
*
Order Proboscidea: Elephants:
* * * * * *
*
Loxodonta africana [except African elephant........... I.......................... 2/4/77
populations of Botswana,
Namibia, South Africa, and
Zimbabwe].
[[Page 27612]]
L. africana [only the African elephant........... II......................... 2/4/77
populations of Botswana,
Namibia, South Africa and
Zimbabwe, to allow: (1) Export
of hunting trophies for
noncommercial purposes; (2)
export of live animals to
appropriate and acceptable
destinations (Namibia: for
noncommercial purposes only;
South Africa: for
reintroduction purposes); (3)
export of hides and leather
goods (South Africa and
Zimbabwe); (4) export of ivory
carvings for noncommercial
purposes (Zimbabwe only); (5)
export of ivory tusks from
Kruger National Park (South
Africa; zero quota)].
Order Sirenia: Dugongs, Manatees:
Dugong dugon................... Dugong..................... I.......................... 7/1/75
* * * * * *
*
Order Artiodactyla: Even-toed ungulates:
* * * * * *
*
B. gaurus (excluding domestic Seladang, Gaur............. I.......................... 7/1/75
forms).
* * * * * *
*
Ovis vignei (except subspecies Urial...................... II......................... 7/19/00
listed below).
O. vignei vignei............... Ladakh urial............... I.......................... 7/1/75
* * * * * *
*
Vicugna vicugna (except Vicuna..................... I.......................... 7/1/75
populations listed below,
under the conditions
specified).
* * * * * *
*
V. vicugna [Bolivia: Vicuna..................... II......................... 7/1/75
populations of the
Conservation Units of Mauri-
Desaguadero, Ulla Ulla and
Lipez-Chichas (export limited
to wool sheared from live
animals and to cloth and items
made thereof, including luxury
handicrafts and knitted
articles; the reverse side of
cloth and cloth products must
bear the logo adopted by
countries signatory to the
Convenio para la Conservacion
y Manejo de la Vicuna and the
words, ``VICUNA-BOLIVIA''; all
specimens not meeting any of
the above conditions shall be
deemed to be specimens of
species included in Appendix I
and the trade in them shall be
regulated accordingly)].
* * * * * *
*
CLASS AVES: BIRDS:
* * * * * *
*
Order Rheiformes: Rheas:
* * * * * *
*
R. pennata pennata (Argentina Darwin's rhea.............. II......................... 7/1/75
only).
R. pennata pennata (except Darwin's rhea.............. I.......................... 7/1/75
population of Argentina).
* * * * * *
*
Order Psittaciformes: Parrots, Parakeets, Macaws,
Lories, Cockatoos, etc.:
* * * * * *
*
Eunymphicus cornutus (except Horned parakeet............ II......................... 7/1/75
subspecies listed below).
Eunymphicus cornutus cornutus.. Horned parakeet............ I.......................... 7/1/75
Eunymphicus cornutus uveaensis. Horned parakeet............ I.......................... 7/1/75
* * * * * *
*
Order Passeriformes: Perching birds, Songbirds:
* * * * * *
*
Garrulax canorus............... Hwamei..................... II......................... 7/19/00
[[Page 27613]]
* * * * * *
*
CLASS REPTILIA: REPTILES:
Order Testudinata: Turtles, Tortoises:
Apalone ater................... Cuatro Cienegas softshell I.......................... 7/1/75
turtle.
Aspideretes gangeticus......... Indian soft-shell turtle... I.......................... 7/1/75
Aspideretes hurum.............. Peacock soft-shell turtle.. I.......................... 7/1/75
Aspideretes nigricans.......... Black soft-shell turtle.... I.......................... 7/1/75
* * * * * *
*
Cuora spp...................... Asian box turtles.......... II......................... 7/19/00
* * * * * *
*
Geochelone sulcata [zero quota African spurred tortoise... II......................... 7/1/75
for wild specimens].
* * * * * *
*
Trionyx ater (see Apalone ater)
T. gangeticus (see Aspideretes
gangeticus)
T. hurum (see Aspideretes
hurum)
T. nigricans (see Aspideretes
nigricans)
* * * * * *
*
Order Sauria: Lizards:
* * * * * *
*
Calumma spp.................... Chamaeleons................ II......................... 2/4/77
* * * * * *
*
Furcifer spp................... Chamaeleons................ II......................... 2/4/77
* * * * * *
*
Order Serpentes: Snakes:
* * * * * *
*
Atropoides nummifer............ Jumping pit-viper.......... III (Honduras)............. 4/13/87
* * * * * *
*
Boidae spp. (all species except Boas....................... II......................... 2/4/77
those in App. I or with
earlier date in App. II).
* * * * * *
*
Bolyeriidae spp. (all species Round island boas.......... II......................... 2/4/77
except those in App. I or with
earlier date in App. II).
Bothriechis schlegelii......... Eyelash palm pit-viper..... III (Honduras)............. 4/13/87
* * * * * *
*
Bothrops nasutum (see
Porthidium nasutum)
B. nummifer (see Atropoides
nummifer)
B. ophryomegas (see Porthidium
ophryomegas)
B. schlegelii (see Bothriechis
schlegelii)
* * * * * *
*
Daboia russellii............... Russell's viper............ III (India)................ 2/12/84
* * * * * *
*
Loxocemidae spp. (all species Mexican dwarf boas......... II......................... 2/4/77
except those in App. I or with
earlier date in App. II).
* * * * * *
*
Porthidium nasutum............. Rainforest hognosed pit- III (Honduras)............. 4/13/87
viper.
Porthidium ophryomegas......... Slender hognosed pit-viper. III (Honduras)............. 4/13/87
* * * * * *
*
Pythonidae spp. (all species Pythons.................... II......................... 2/4/77
except those in App. I or with
earlier date in App. II).
* * * * * *
*
Tropidophiidae spp. (all Small ground boas.......... II......................... 2/4/77
species except those in App. I
or with earlier date in App.
II).
* * * * * *
*
Vipera russellii (see Daboia
russellii).
[[Page 27614]]
* * * * * *
*
CLASS AMPHIBIA: AMPHIBIANS:
* * * * * *
*
Order Anura: Frogs, Toads:
* * * * * *
*
Mantella spp. (except species Mantella frogs............. II......................... 7/19/00
below).
* * * * * *
*
CLASS OSTEICHTHYES: BONY FISHES:
* * * * * *
*
Order Coelacanthiformes: Coelacanth:
Latimeria spp. (except species Coelacanth................. I.......................... 7/19/00
below).
Latimeria chalumnae............ Gombessa coelacanth........ I.......................... 7/1/75
* * * * * *
*
PLANT KINGDOM (note general PLANTS:
exclusions and exceptions in
introductory text):
* * * * * *
*
Family Apocynaceae: Dogbane family:
* * * * * *
*
Rauvolfia serpentina (except Snake-root devil-pepper.... II......................... 1/18/90
chemical derivatives and
finished pharmaceutical
products).
Family Araliaceae: Ginseng family:
Panax ginseng [population of Ginseng.................... II......................... 7/19/00
Russia] (whole and sliced
roots and parts of roots,
excluding manufactured parts
or derivatives such as
powders, pills, extracts,
tonics, teas, and
confectionery).
* * * * * *
*
Family Araucariaceae: Monkey-puzzle tree family:
Araucaria araucana............. Monkey-puzzle tree......... I.......................... 7/1/75
* * * * * *
*
Family Berberidaceae: Barberry family:
Podophyllum hexandrum (=P. Himalayan may-apple........ II......................... 1/18/90
emodi, =Sinopodophyllum
hexandrum) (except chemical
derivatives and finished
pharmaceutical products).
* * * * * *
*
Family Crassulaceae: Stonecrop family:
Dudleya stolonifera............ Laguna Beach dudleya....... II......................... 7/29/83
* * * * * *
*
Family Cyatheaceae: Tree-fern family:
Alsophila spp. (see Cyathea
spp.)
Cyathea spp. (includes ........................... II......................... 2/4/77
Alsophila spp., Nephelea spp.,
Sphaeropteris spp.,
Trichipteris spp.).
Cyathea (=Hemitelia) capensis.. ........................... II......................... 7/1/75
C. dredgei..................... ........................... II......................... 7/1/75
C. mexicana.................... ........................... II......................... 7/1/75
C. (=Alsophila) salvini........ ........................... II......................... 7/1/75
Nephelea spp. (see Cyathea
spp.)
Sphaeropteris spp. (see Cyathea
spp.)
Trichipteris spp. (see Cyathea
spp.)
* * * * * *
*
Family Dicksoniaceae: Tree-fern family:
Cibotium barometz.............. ........................... II......................... 2/4/77
Dicksonia spp. (the Americas ........................... II......................... 2/4/77
only).
* * * * * *
*
Family Orobanchaceae: Broomrape family:
Cistanche deserticola.......... Desert cistanche........... II......................... 7/19/00
[[Page 27615]]
* * * * * *
*
Family Ranunculaceae: Buttercup family:
Adonis vernalis................ Spring adonis.............. II......................... 7/19/00
* * * * * *
*
Family Taxaceae: Yew family:
Taxus wallichiana (=T. baccata Himalayan yew.............. II......................... 2/16/95
subs. wallichiana) (except
chemical derivatives and
finished pharmaceutical
products).
* * * * * *
*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dated: January 18, 2001.
Kenneth L. Smith,
Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife and Parks.
[FR Doc. 01-10144 Filed 5-17-01; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4310-55-P