[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 147 (Monday, August 3, 2009)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 38348-38358]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E9-18361]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 141
[EPA-HQ-OW-2009-0345; FRL-8930-8]
Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for the
Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis
and Sampling Procedures
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: This action announces the Environmental Protection Agency's
(EPA's) approval of alternative testing methods for use in measuring
the levels of contaminants in drinking water and determining compliance
with national primary drinking water regulations. The Safe Drinking
Water Act (SDWA) authorizes EPA to approve the use of alternative
testing methods through publication in the Federal Register. EPA is
using this streamlined authority to make six additional methods
available for analyzing drinking water samples required by regulation.
This expedited approach provides public water systems, laboratories,
and primacy agencies with more timely access to new
[[Page 38349]]
measurement techniques and greater flexibility in the selection of
analytical methods, thereby reducing monitoring costs while maintaining
public health protection.
DATES: This action is effective August 3, 2009.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800) 426-
4791 or Patricia Snyder Fair, Technical Support Center, Office of
Ground Water and Drinking Water (MS 140), Environmental Protection
Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268;
telephone number: (513) 569-7937; e-mail address: [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
I. General Information
A. Does This Action Apply to Me?
Public water systems are the regulated entities required to measure
contaminants in drinking water samples. In addition, EPA Regions as
well as States and Tribal governments with authority to administer the
regulatory program for public water systems under SDWA may also measure
contaminants in water samples. When EPA sets a monitoring requirement
in its national primary drinking water regulations for a given
contaminant, the Agency also establishes in the regulations
standardized test procedures for analysis of the contaminant. This
action makes alternative testing methods available for particular
drinking water contaminants beyond the testing methods currently
established in the regulations. EPA is providing public water systems
required to test water samples with a choice of using either a test
procedure already established in the existing regulations or an
alternative test procedure that has been approved in this action.
Categories and entities that may ultimately be affected by this action
include:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Examples of
Category potentially regulated NAICS \1\
entities
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State, Local, & Tribal Governments. States, local and 924110
tribal governments
that analyze water
samples on behalf of
public water systems
required to conduct
such analysis;
States, local and
tribal governments
that themselves
operate community and
non-transient non-
community water
systems required to
monitor.
Industry........................... Private operators of 221310
community and non-
transient non-
community water
systems required to
monitor.
Municipalities..................... Municipal operators of 924110
community and non-
transient non-
community water
systems required to
monitor.
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\1\ North American Industry Classification System.
This table is not exhaustive, but rather provides a guide for
readers regarding entities likely to be affected by this action. This
table lists the types of entities that EPA is now aware could
potentially be affected by this action. Other types of entities not
listed in the table could also be impacted. To determine whether your
facility is affected by this action, you should carefully examine the
applicability language at 40 CFR 141.2 (definition of public water
system). If you have questions regarding the applicability of this
action to a particular entity, consult the person listed in the
preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
B. How Can I Get Copies of This Document and Other Related Information?
1. Docket. EPA established a docket for this action under Docket ID
No. EPA-HQ-OW-2009-0345. Publicly available docket materials are
available either electronically through www.regulations.gov or in hard
copy at the Water Docket in the EPA Docket Center, (EPA/DC) EPA West,
Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC. Copyrighted
materials are available only in hard copy. The EPA Docket Center Public
Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through
Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public
Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the Water
Docket is (202) 566-2426.
2. Electronic Access. You may access this Federal Register document
electronically through the EPA Internet under the ``Federal Register''
listings at http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/.
Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in This Action
CFR: Code of Federal Regulations
DBCP: Dibromochloropropane
EDB: Ethylene Dibromide
EPA: Environmental Protection Agency
GC: Gas Chromatography
LED: Light-Emitting Diode
MS: Mass Spectrometry
NEMI: National Environmental Methods Index
nm: Nanometers
SDWA: Safe Drinking Water Act
Table of Contents
I. General Information
A. Does This Action Apply to Me?
B. How Can I Get Copies of This Document and Other Related
Information?
II. Background
A. What Is the Purpose of This Action?
B. What Is the Basis for This Action?
III. Summary of Approvals
A. Methods Developed by EPA
B. Methods Developed by Vendors
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
V. References
II. Background
A. What Is the Purpose of This Action?
In this action, EPA is approving six analytical methods for
determining contaminant concentrations in samples collected under SDWA.
Regulated parties required to sample and monitor may use either the
testing methods already established in existing regulations or the
alternative testing methods being approved in this action. The new
methods are listed in Appendix A to Subpart C in 40 CFR 141 and on
EPA's drinking water methods Web site at http://www.epa.gov/safewater/methods/analyticalmethods_expedited.html.
B. What Is the Basis for This Action?
When EPA determines an alternative analytical method is ``equally
effective'' (i.e., as effective as a method that has already been
promulgated in the regulations), SDWA allows EPA to approve the use of
the alternative method through publication in the Federal Register. See
Section 1401(1) of SDWA. EPA is using this streamlined approval
authority to make six additional methods available for determining
contaminant concentrations in samples collected under SDWA. EPA has
determined that, for each contaminant or group of contaminants listed
in Section III, the additional testing methods being approved in this
action are equally as effective as one or more of the testing methods
already established in the regulations for those contaminants. Section
1401(1) states that the newly approved methods ``shall be treated as
[[Page 38350]]
an alternative for public water systems to the quality control and
testing procedures listed in the regulation.'' Accordingly, this action
makes these additional (and optional) six analytical methods legally
available for meeting EPA's monitoring requirements.
This action does not add regulatory language, but does, for
informational purposes, update an appendix to the regulations at 40 CFR
part 141 that lists all methods approved under Section 1401(1) of SDWA.
Accordingly, while this action is not a rule, it is updating CFR text
and therefore is being published in the ``Final Rules'' section of this
Federal Register.
EPA described this expedited methods approval process in an April
10, 2007, Federal Register notice (72 FR 17902) (USEPA 2007) and
announced its intent to begin using the process. EPA published the
first set of approvals in a June 3, 2008, Federal Register notice (73
FR 31616) (USEPA 2008) and added Appendix A to 40 CFR Part 141, Subpart
C. This action adds six additional methods to Appendix A to Subpart C.
III. Summary of Approvals
EPA is approving six methods that are equally effective relative to
methods previously promulgated in the regulations. By means of this
notice, these six methods are added to Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 141,
Subpart C. For convenience of the reader, the revised Appendix A in its
entirety is shown below. However, the only change made to Appendix A
through this action is the inclusion of these six additional methods as
described in this preamble.
A. Methods Developed by EPA
EPA Method 524.3, Version 1.0. This is a gas chromatography/mass
spectrometry (GC/MS) method for the determination of purgeable organic
compounds in finished drinking waters. The method analytes are purged
from the water sample using helium and trapped on a sorbent material.
After purging, the trap is heated and back flushed with helium to
transfer the analytes to a capillary GC column. Compounds eluting from
the GC are directed into a mass spectrometer for mass analysis and
detection. The analytes are identified by comparing the acquired mass
spectra and retention times to reference spectra and retention times
for calibration standards acquired under identical GC/MS conditions.
The concentration of each target analyte is calculated using the
internal standard technique and response curves obtained via procedural
calibration. The expansion of the method to include the option of
selective ion monitoring makes this method sufficiently sensitive to
measure dibromochloropropane (DBCP) and ethylene dibromide (EDB) at the
concentrations required for drinking water compliance monitoring.
EPA Method 524.3 is an updated version of EPA Method 524.2,
Revision 4.1 (USEPA 1995a), which is currently approved for analyses of
compliance samples for 21 volatile organic contaminants and total
trihalomethanes. The method development work is described in the method
research summary (Zaffiro et al. 2009). The advantages of the new
method include:
Use of maleic acid, a common food preservative, to
preserve samples, eliminating the requirement to ship a hazardous
reagent (hydrochloric acid) to the field;
Incorporation of features that allow users to take
advantage of modern instrumentation to improve speed and data quality;
Increased flexibility in selection of method operating
parameters; and
Addition of Method 524.3 as an approved method for DBCP
and EDB.
Approved methods for volatile organic contaminants and total
trihalomethanes are listed at 40 CFR 141.24(e). EPA Methods 502.2;
Revision 2.1 (USEPA 1995b) and 524.2; Revision 4.1 (USEPA 1995a) are
approved for benzene; carbon tetrachloride; chlorobenzene; 1,2-
dichlorobenzene; 1,4-dichlorobenzene; 1,2-dichloroethane; cis-
dichloroethylene; trans-dichloroethylene; dichloromethane; 1,2-
dichloropropane; ethylbenzene; styrene; tetrachloroethylene; 1,1,1-
trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; toluene; 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene;
1,1-dichloroethylene; 1,1,2-trichlorethane; vinyl chloride; xylenes
(total--measured as sum of o-xylene; m-xylene and p-xylene); and total
trihalomethanes (sum of chloroform; bromodichloromethane;
dibromochloromethane; and bromoform). EPA Method 551.1 (USEPA 1995c) is
approved for carbon tetrachloride; tetrachloroethylene; 1,1,1-
trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; EDB; DBCP; and total
trihalomethanes. EPA Method 504.1, Revision 1.1 (USEPA 1995d) is
approved for EDB and DBCP. Approved methods for total trihalomethanes
are also listed at 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1). For each of the 24
contaminants, the performance characteristics of EPA Method 524.3 were
compared to the characteristics of each of the methods currently listed
in the regulations as approved for that contaminant (Munch 2009). EPA
has determined that, for each of the 24 contaminants, EPA Method 524.3
is equally as effective for measuring the contaminant as the methods
currently listed in the regulations as approved for that contaminant.
The basis for this determination is discussed in Munch 2009. EPA is
therefore approving use of Method 524.3 for the above named 24
contaminants when analyzing drinking water compliance samples.
EPA Method 524.3 Version 1.0 (USEPA 2009) can be accessed and
downloaded directly on-line at http://epa.gov/safewater/methods/analyticalmethods_ogwdw.html.
B. Methods Developed by Vendors
1. Mitchell Method M5271. Mitchell Method M5271 (Mitchell 2009a)
uses laser nephelometry to measure turbidity in drinking water. The
method is based on a comparison of the intensity of light scattered by
the sample under defined conditions with the intensity of light
scattered by a standard reference suspension. Readings are made using
an on-line laser nephelometer with the following design criteria:
Laser light source is monochromatic operated at a nominal
wavelength of 650 30nm;
Incident radiation and any convergence does not exceed
1.5 degrees in the measurement area;
Distance traversed by incident light and scattered light
does not exceed 10cm;
Detector/light receiver is centered at 90 1.5
degrees to the incident light path and the light cone does not exceed
30 degrees from 90 degrees; and
Instrument incorporates a bubble trap and anti-fog
windows. Sensor is horizontal and the windows are vertical. Windows are
immersed in the sample stream.
Four approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR
141.74(a)(1). The performance characteristics of Mitchell Method M5271
were compared to the performance characteristics of approved EPA Method
180.1 (USEPA 1993a). The validation study report (Mitchell 2008a)
summarizes the results obtained from the turbidimeters placed in series
at three different public water systems. One water system used ground
water and the other two plants used surface water sources. Measurements
included at least one filter backwash at each of the surface water
plants.
EPA has determined that the Mitchell Method M5271 is equally
effective relative to EPA Method 180.1 that is already promulgated in
the regulations at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The basis for this
determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009a. Therefore, EPA is
approving the Mitchell Method M5271 for determining turbidity in
drinking
[[Page 38351]]
water. A copy of the method can be downloaded from the National
Environmental Methods Index (NEMI) at http://www.nemi.gov or obtained
by contacting Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr.,
Grand Junction, CO 81507.
2. Mitchell Method M5331. Mitchell Method M5331 (Mitchell 2009b)
uses light-emitting diode (LED) nephelometry to measure turbidity in
drinking water. The method is based on a comparison of the intensity of
light scattered by the sample under defined conditions with the
intensity of light scattered by a standard reference suspension.
Readings are made using an on-line LED nephelometer with the following
design criteria:
LED light source is monochromatic operated at a nominal
wavelength of 525 15nm;
Incident radiation and any convergence does not exceed
1.5 degrees in the measurement area;
Distance traversed by incident light and scattered light
does not exceed 10cm;
Detector/light receiver is centered at 90 1.5
degrees to the incident light path and the light cone does not exceed
30 degrees from 90 degrees; and
Instrument incorporates a bubble trap and anti-fog
windows. Sensor is horizontal and the windows are vertical. Windows are
immersed in the sample stream.
Four approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR
141.74(a)(1). The performance characteristics of Mitchell Method M5331
were compared to the performance characteristics of approved EPA Method
180.1 (USEPA 1993a). The validation study report (Mitchell 2008b)
summarizes the results obtained from the turbidimeters placed in series
at three different public water systems. One water system used ground
water and the other two plants used surface water sources. Measurements
included at least one filter backwash at each of the surface water
plants.
EPA has determined that the Mitchell Method M5331 is equally
effective relative to EPA Method 180.1 that is already promulgated in
the regulations at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The basis for this
determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009b. Therefore, EPA is
approving it for determining turbidity in drinking water. A copy of the
method can be downloaded from NEMI at http://www.nemi.gov or obtained
from Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand
Junction, CO 81507.
3. Orion Method AQ4500. Thermo Scientific's Orion Method AQ4500
(Thermo Scientific 2009) uses LED nephelometry to measure turbidity in
drinking water. The method is based on a comparison of the intensity of
light scattered by the sample at 90 degrees to the beam path with the
intensity of light scattered by a standard reference suspension.
Readings are made using a portable LED nephelometer with the following
design criteria:
White LED light source emits broadband light having peak
intensities in the 400nm to 600nm range;
Distance traversed by incident light and scattered light
does not exceed 10cm;
Detector/light receiver is centered at 90 degrees to the
incident light path and the light cone does not exceed 30
degrees from 90 degrees. The detector has spectral peak response
between 400nm and 600nm;
Pulsed light allows for synchronous detection, a technique
by which ambient stray light leakage, as well as other electronic
induced errors, are effectively cancelled out; and
Color compensation is achieved using a dual-beam system
with two photo detectors.
Four approved methods for turbidity are listed at 40 CFR
141.74(a)(1). The performance characteristics of Thermo Scientific's
Orion Method AQ4500 were compared to the performance characteristics of
EPA Method 180.1 (USEPA 1993a) listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1) for
measurement of turbidity. Two rounds of testing were conducted
(Wendelken 2009c). The first was an ASTM round robin study comparing
results from analyses of 28 samples of various types using
turbidimeters with tungsten filament light sources as specified in EPA
Method 180.1 and white LEDs as specified in Thermo Scientific Orion
Method AQ4500. A second study involved demonstration of performance at
turbidities below 2 nephelometric turbidity units.
EPA has determined that Thermo Scientific's Orion Method AQ4500 is
equally effective relative to EPA Method 180.1, which is already
promulgated in the regulations at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1). The basis for
this determination is discussed in Wendelken 2009c. Therefore, EPA is
approving Method AQ4500 for the measurement of turbidity in drinking
water. A copy of the method can be downloaded from NEMI at http://www.nemi.gov or obtained from Thermo Scientific, 166 Cummings Center,
Beverly, MA 01915, Phone: (800) 225-1480, www.thermo.com.
4. Systea Easy (1-Reagent). Systea Scientific, LLC's Systea Easy
(1-Reagent) Nitrate Method uses automated discreet analysis by
spectrophotometry to determine concentrations of nitrate and nitrite
combined or individually in drinking water. The method involves the
following steps:
Reduction of nitrate in a sample to nitrite using a non-
hazardous proprietary reagent;
Diazotizing the nitrite originally in the sample plus the
reduced nitrate with sulfanilamide followed by coupling with N-(1-
napthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride under acidic conditions to form
a highly colored azo dye;
Colorimetric determination in which the absorbance of
color at 546nm is directly proportional to the concentration of the
nitrite plus the reduced nitrate in the sample;
Measurement of nitrite individually by analysis of the
sample while eliminating the reduction step; and
Subtraction of the nitrite value from that of the combined
nitrate plus nitrite value to determine nitrate individually.
Approved methods for nitrate and nitrite are listed at 40 CFR
141.23(k)(1). An inter-laboratory study (Systea Scientific, LLC. 2008)
was conducted to compare the performance characteristics of the Systea
Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method to the characteristics of the EPA
Method 353.2 (USEPA 1993b) and Standard Method 4500-
NO3- F-00 (APHA 1997), which are listed at 40 CFR
141.23(k)(1) for nitrate and nitrite. Ten laboratories analyzed a
variety of sample matrices using approved methods. The samples were
also analyzed using the Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method.
EPA has determined that the Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method
is equally effective relative to EPA Method 353.2 and Standard Method
4500-NO3- F-00, which are already promulgated in
the regulations. The basis for this determination is discussed in
Wendelken 2009d. The method is a ``green'' alternative to other
approved methods, which use cadmium, a known carcinogen, for the
reduction of nitrate to nitrite. EPA is approving this method for
determining nitrate and nitrite concentrations in drinking water to
comply with 40 CFR 141.23.
Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method (Systea Scientific, LLC.
2009) can be downloaded from NEMI at http://www.nemi.gov or obtained
from Systea Scientific, LLC, 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL
60523, Phone: (630) 645-0600.
5. Method ME355.01. ``Determination of Cyanide in Drinking Water by
GC/MS Headspace'' (Eaton 2009) uses direct headspace injection after
acidification followed by Gas Chromatography/Mass
[[Page 38352]]
Spectrometry (GC/MS) to determine the concentration of cyanide, as free
cyanide, in drinking water. The method involves the following steps:
Acidification of the sample;
Heating the sample to 60 degrees Celsius with agitation;
Direct injection of 1 milliliter of headspace onto the
nitrogen cooled cryotrap; and
Analysis using temperature programmed GC/MS.
The performance characteristics of Method ME355.01 were determined
in three laboratories by replicate analyses of fortified samples
(Wendelken 2009e). The results were compared to the characteristics of
EPA Method 335.4 (USEPA 1993c) and Standard Method 4500-CN-
F-99 (APHA 1999) listed at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1) for cyanide. EPA has
determined that Method ME355.01 is equally effective relative to each
of these two methods. The basis for this determination is discussed in
Wendelken 2009e. Therefore, EPA is approving this method for
determining cyanide concentrations in drinking water to comply with 40
CFR 141.23.
Method ME335.01 can be downloaded from NEMI at http://www.nemi.gov
or obtained from James Eaton, PhD, H & E Testing Laboratory, 221 State
Street, Augusta, ME 04333, Phone: (207) 187-2727.
IV. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
As noted above, under the terms of SDWA Section 1401(1), this
streamlined method approval action is not a rule. Accordingly, the
Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the Small
Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, does not apply
because this action is not a rule for purposes of 5 U.S.C. 804(3).
Similarly, this action is not subject to the Regulatory Flexibility Act
because it is not subject to notice and comment requirements under the
Administrative Procedure Act or any other statute. In addition, because
this approval action is not a rule but simply makes alternative
(optional) testing methods available for monitoring under SDWA, EPA has
concluded that other statutes and executive orders generally applicable
to rulemaking do not apply to this approval action.
V. References
American Public Health Association (APHA), 2000. Standard Method
4500-NO3- F-00. Automated Cadmium Reduction
Method. Approved by Standard Methods Committee 2000. Standard Methods
Online. (Available at http://www.standardmethods.org.)
American Public Health Association (APHA), 1999. Standard Method
4500-CN- F-99. Cyanide-Selective Electrode Method. Approved
by Standard Methods Committee 1999. Standard Methods Online. (Available
at http://www.standardmethods.org.)
Eaton, J. 2009. Method ME355.01, Revision 1.0. Determination of
Cyanide in Drinking Water by GC/MS Headspace. May 26, 2009. H & E
Testing Laboratory, 221 State Street, Augusta, ME 04333. (Available at
http://www.nemi.gov.)
Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2008a. Mitchell ATP Submission for
Changes in Method 180.1 Using Laser Determination of Turbidity by
Nephelometry, Mitchell Method M5271, Validation Study Report, Revision
1.0, July 31, 2008. 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO
81507.
Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2008b. Mitchell ATP Submission for
Changes in Method 180.1 Using LED Determination of Turbidity by
Nephelometry, Mitchell Method M5331, Validation Study Report, Revision
1.0, July 31, 2008. 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO
81507.
Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2009a. Mitchell Method M5271,
Revision 1.1. Determination of Turbidity by Laser Nephelometry, March
5, 2009. Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand
Junction, CO 81507. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
Mitchell, L. and Mitchell, P., 2009b. Mitchell Method M5331,
Revision 1.1. Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry, March 5,
2009. Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley Dr., Grand
Junction, CO 81507. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
Munch, D., 2009. Memo to the record describing basis for expedited
approval of EPA Method 524.3. May 22, 2009.
Systea Scientific, LLC., 2008. Validation Study Report for New
Method Approval of Nitrate Analysis in Wastewater and Drinking Water
Utilizing Systea Scientific, LLC Non-Hazardous Proprietary Reagent R1,
Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate 0.050-10 mg/L. September 15, 2008. 900
Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL 60523.
Systea Scientific, LLC., 2009. Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate
Method, February 4, 2009. 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL
60523. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
Thermo Scientific, 2009. Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0.
Determination of Turbidity by LED Nephelometry, May 8, 2009. 166
Cummings Center, Beverly, MA 01915. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1993a. EPA Method 180.1, Revision 2.0, ``Determination of
Turbidity by Nephelometry'' in Methods for the Determination of
Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, EPA/600/R-93/100.
(Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1993b. EPA Method 353.2, Revision 2.0, ``Determination of
Nitrate-Nitrite Nitrogen by Automated Colorimetry'' in Methods for the
Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, EPA/
600/R-93/100. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1993c. EPA Method 335.4, Revision 1.0, ``Determination of
Total Cyanide by Semi-Automated Colorimetry'' in Methods for the
Determination of Inorganic Substances in Environmental Samples, EPA/
600/R-93/100. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1995a. EPA Method 524.2, Revision 4.1, ``Measurement of
Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas
Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry'' in Methods for the Determination of
Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95-131.
(Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1995b. EPA Method 502.2, Revision 2.1, ``Volatile Organic
Compounds in Water by Purge and Trap Capillary Column Gas
Chromatography with Photoionization and Electrolytic Conductivity
Detectors in Series'' in Methods for the Determination of Organic
Compounds in Drinking Water--Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95-131.
(Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1995c. EPA Method 551.1, Revision 1.0, ``Determination of
Chlorination Disinfection Byproducts, Chlorinated Solvents, and
Halogenated Pesticides/Herbicides in Drinking Water by Liquid-Liquid
Extraction and Gas Chromatography with Electron-Capture Detection'' in
Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--
Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95-131. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 1995d. EPA Method 504.1, Revision 1.1, ``1,2-Dibromoethane
(EDB), 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloro-Propane (DBCP), and 1,2,3-Trichloropropane
(123TCP) in Water by Microextraction and Gas Chromatography'' in
Methods for the Determination of Organic Compounds in Drinking Water--
Supplement III, EPA/600/R-95-131. (Available at http://www.nemi.gov.)
USEPA. 2007. Expedited Approval of Test Procedures for the Analysis
of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act; Analysis and
Sampling Procedures. 72 FR 17902. April 10, 2007.
[[Page 38353]]
USEPA. 2008. Expedited Approval of Alternative Test Procedures for
the Analysis of Contaminants Under the Safe Drinking Water Act;
Analysis and Sampling Procedures. 73 FR 31616. June 3, 2008.
USEPA. 2009. EPA Method 524.3 Version 1.0. Measurement of Purgeable
Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry, EPA 815-B-09-009. June 2009. (Available at http://epa.gov/safewater/methods/analyticalmethods_ogwdw.html.)
Wendelken, S., 2009a. Memo to the record describing basis for
expedited approval of Mitchell Method M5271. May 29, 2009.
Wendelken, S., 2009b. Memo to the record describing basis for
expedited approval of Mitchell Method M5331. May 29, 2009.
Wendelken, S., 2009c. Memo to the record describing ATP evaluation
of Thermo Scientific/Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0 and basis for
expedited approval. May 29, 2009.
Wendelken, S., 2009d. Memo to the record describing basis for
expedited approval of Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate Method. May 29,
2009.
Wendelken, S., 2009e. Memo to the record describing ATP evaluation
of Method ME355.01 and basis for expedited approval. May 29, 2009.
Zaffiro, A.D, Prakash, B. and Zimmerman, M., 2009. EPA Method 524.3
Research Summary, Shaw Environmental, Cincinnati OH. June 2009.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 141
Environmental protection, Chemicals, Indians--lands,
Intergovernmental relations, Radiation protection, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements, Water supply.
Dated: July 9, 2009.
Michael H. Shapiro,
Acting Assistant Administrator, Office of Water.
0
For the reasons stated in the preamble, 40 CFR part 141 is amended as
follows:
PART 141--NATIONAL PRIMARY DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS
0
1. The authority citation for part 141 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 300f, 300g-1, 300j-4, and 300j-9.
0
2. Subpart C is amended by revising Appendix A to read as follows:
Appendix A to Subpart C of Part 141--Alternative Testing Methods
Approved for Analyses Under the Safe Drinking Water Act
Only the editions stated in the following table are approved.
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR
141.21(f)(3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Organism Methodology SM 21st edition \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Coliforms.............. Total Coliform 9221 A, B
Fermentation
Technique.
Total Coliform 9222 A, B, C
Membrane Filter
Technique.
Presence-Absence 9221 D
(P-A) Coliform
Test.
ONPG-MUG Test... 9223
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.23(k)(1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contaminant Methodology EPA method SM 21st edition \1\ SM online \3\ ASTM \4\ Other
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alkalinity................... Titrimetric..... 2320 B
Antimony..................... Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5,
inductively Revision 4.2
coupled plasma- \2\.
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Arsenic...................... Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Hydride Atomic 3114 B
Absorption.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Barium....................... Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Atomic 3111 D
Absorption;
Direct.
Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Beryllium.................... Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Cadmium...................... Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Calcium...................... EDTA titrimetric 3500-Ca B
Atomic 3111 B
Absorption;
Direct
Aspiration.
Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Chromium..................... Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
[[Page 38354]]
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Copper....................... Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Atomic 3111 B
Absorption;
Direct
Aspiration.
Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Conductivity................. Conductance..... 2510 B
Cyanide...................... Manual .................... .................... D2036-06 A
Distillation
followed by.
Spectrophotome 4500-CN- G .................... D2036-06 B
tric, Amenable
Spectrophotome 4500-CN- E .................... D2036-06 A
tric Manual
Selective 4500-CN- F
Electrode.
Gas .................... .................... .................... ME355.01 \7\
Chromatography/
Mass
Spectrometry
Headspace.
Fluoride..................... Ion 4110 B
Chromatography.
Manual 4500-F- B, D
Distillation;
Colorimetric
SPADNS.
Manual Electrode 4500-F- C .................... D1179-04 B
Automated 4500-F- E
Alizarin.
Lead......................... Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Magnesium.................... Atomic 3111 B
Absorption.
Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Complexation 3500-Mg B
Titrimetric
Methods.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Mercury...................... Manual, Cold 3112 B
Vapor.
Nickel....................... Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Atomic 3111 B
Absorption;
Direct.
Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Nitrate...................... Ion 4110 B
Chromatography.
Automated 4500-NO3- F
Cadmium
Reduction.
Manual Cadmium 4500-NO3- E
Reduction.
Ion Selective 4500-NO3- D
Electrode.
Reduction/ .................... .................... .................... Systea Easy
Colorimetric. (1-Reagent) \8\
Nitrite...................... Ion 4110 B
Chromatography.
Automated 4500-NO3- F
Cadmium
Reduction.
Manual Cadmium 4500-NO3- E
Reduction.
Spectrophotometr 4500-NO2- B
ic.
Reduction/ .................... .................... .................... Systea Easy
Colorimetric. (1-Reagent) \8\
Orthophosphate............... Ion 4110 B
Chromatography.
Colorimetric, 4500-P E 4500-P E-99
ascorbic acid,
single reagent.
Colorimetric, 4500-P F 4500-P F-99
Automated,
Ascorbic Acid.
pH........................... Electrometric... 4500-H\+\ B
Selenium..................... Hydride-Atomic 3114 B
Absorption.
Atomic 3113 B
Absorption;
Furnace.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Silica....................... Colorimetric.... .................... .................... D859-05
Molybdosilicate. 4500-SiO2 C
Heteropoly blue. 4500-SiO2 D
Automated for 4500-SiO2 E
Molybdate-
reactive Silica.
[[Page 38355]]
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Inductively 3120 B
Coupled Plasma.
Sodium....................... Atomic 3111 B
Absorption;
Direct
Aspiration.
Axially viewed 200.5, Revision
inductively 4.2.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Temperature.................. Thermometric.... 2550
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.24(e)(1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SM 21st edition
Contaminant Methodology EPA method \1\ SM online \3\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benzene...................... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 \9\ ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Carbon tetrachloride......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Chlorobenzene................ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,2-Dichlorobenzene.......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,4-Dichlorobenzene.......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,2-Dichloroethane........... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
cis-Dichloroethylene......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Trans-Dichloroethylene....... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Dichloromethane.............. Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,2-Dichloropropane.......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Ethylbenzene................. Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Styrene...................... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Tetrachloroethylene.......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,1,1-Trichloroethane........ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Trichloroethylene............ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Toluene...................... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene....... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,1-Dichloroethylene......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
1,1,2-Trichlorethane......... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Vinyl chloride............... Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Xylenes (total).............. Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Carbofuran................... High-performance ................. 6610 B 6610 B-04
liquid
chromatography
(HPLC) with post-
column
derivatization and
fluorescence
detection.
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP).. Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Ethyl dibromide (EDB)........ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
Oxamyl....................... High-performance ................. 6610 B 6610 B-04
liquid
chromatography
(HPLC) with post-
column
derivatization and
fluorescence
detection.
Total Trihalomethanes........ Purge & Trap/Gas 524.3 ................... ..................
Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.25(a)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contaminant Methodology SM 21st edition \1\ ASTM \4\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Naturally Occurring:
Gross alpha and beta........... Evaporation........... 7110 B ........................
Gross alpha.................... Coprecipitation....... 7110 C ........................
Radium 226..................... Radon emanation....... 7500-Ra C ........................
Radiochemical......... 7500-Ra B ........................
Radium 228..................... Radiochemical......... 7500-Ra D ........................
Uranium........................ Radiochemical......... 7500-U B ........................
ICP-MS................ D5673-05
Alpha spectrometry.... 7500-U C ........................
Man-Made:
Radioactive Cesium............. Radiochemical......... 7500-Cs B ........................
Gamma Ray Spectrometry 7120 ........................
Radioactive Iodine............. Radiochemical......... 7500-I B
7500-I C
7500-I D
Gamma Ray Spectrometry 7120 ........................
Radioactive Strontium 89, 90... Radiochemical......... 7500-Sr B ........................
Tritium........................ Liquid Scintillation.. 7500-\3\H B ........................
[[Page 38356]]
Gamma Emitters................. Gamma Ray Spectrometry 7120
7500-Cs B
7500-I B ........................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.74(a)(1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Organism Methodology SM 21st edition \1\ Other
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Coliform.................... Total Coliform 9221 A, B, C .............................
Fermentation
Technique.
Total Coliform 9222 A, B, C .............................
Membrane Filter
Technique.
ONPG-MUG Test....... 9223 .............................
Fecal Coliforms................... Fecal Coliform 9221 E .............................
Procedure.
Fecal Coliform 9222 D .............................
Filter Procedure.
Heterotrophic bacteria............ Pour Plate Method... 9215 B .............................
Turbidity......................... Nephelometric Method 2130 B .............................
Laser Nephelometry ....................... Mitchell M5271\10\
(on-line).
LED Nephelometry (on- ....................... Mitchell M5331 \11\
line).
LED Nephelometry ....................... Orion AQ4500 \12\
(portable).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Disinfectant Residuals Listed at 40 CFR
141.74(a)(2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Residual Methodology SM 21st edition \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Free Chlorine................. Amperometric 4500-Cl D
Titration.
DPD Ferrous 4500-Cl F
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric. 4500-Cl G
Syringaldazine 4500-Cl H
(FACTS).
Total Chlorine................ Amperometric 4500-Cl D
Titration.
Amperometric 4500-Cl E
Titration (Low
level
measurement).
DPD Ferrous 4500-Cl F
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric. 4500-Cl G
Iodometric 4500-Cl I
Electrode.
Chlorine Dioxide.............. Amperometric 4500-ClO2 C
Titration.
Amperometric 4500-ClO2 E
Titration.
Ozone......................... Indigo Method.... 4500-O3 B
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.131(b)(1)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contaminant Methodology EPA method SM 21st edition \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TTHM............................... P&T/GC/MS............ 524.3 \9\ ............................
HAA5............................... LLE (diazomethane)/GC/ ...................... 6251 B
ECD.
Chlorite--daily monitoring as Amperometric ...................... 4500-ClO2 E
prescribed in 40 CFR Titration.
141.132(b)(2)(i)(A).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Disinfectant Residuals Listed at 40 CFR
141.131(c)(1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Residual Methodology SM 21st edition \1\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Free Chlorine................ Amperometric 4500-Cl D
Titration.
DPD Ferrous 4500-Cl F
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric 4500-Cl G
Syringaldazine 4500-Cl H
(FACTS).
Combined Chlorine............ Amperometric 4500-Cl D
Titration.
DPD Ferrous 4500-Cl F
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric 4500-Cl G
Total Chlorine............... Amperometric 4500-Cl D
Titration.
Low level 4500-Cl E
Amperometric
Titration.
DPD Ferrous 4500-Cl F
Titrimetric.
DPD Colorimetric 4500-Cl G
Iodometric 4500-Cl I
Electrode.
Chlorine Dioxide............. Amperometric 4500-ClO2 E
Method II.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 38357]]
Alternative Testing Methods for Disinfectant Residuals Listed at 40 CFR
141.131(c)(2), If Approved by the State
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Residual Methodology Method
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Free Chlorine................ Test Strips..... Method D99-003 \5\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Parameters Listed at 40 CFR 141.131(d)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parameter Methodology SM 21st edition \1\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total Organic Carbon (TOC)............... High Temperature Combustion...... 5310 B
Persulfate-Ultraviolet or Heated 5310 C
Persulfate Oxidation.
Wet Oxidation.................... 5310 D
Specific Ultraviolet Absorbance (SUVA)... Calculation using DOC and UV254 ..................................
data.
Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC)....... High Temperature Combustion...... 5310 B
Persulfate-Ultraviolet or Heated 5310 C
Persulfate Oxidation.
Wet Oxidation.................... 5310 D
Ultraviolet absorption at 254 nm Spectrophotometry................ 5910 B
(UV254).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.402(c)(2)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SM 20th edition SM 21st edition
Organism Methodology \6\ \1\ SM online \3\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
E. coli....................... Colilert......... ................... 9223 B 9223 B-97
Colisure......... ................... 9223 B 9223 B-97
Colilert-18...... 9223 B 9223 B 9223 B-97
Enterococci................... Multiple-Tube ................... ................... 9230 B-04
Technique.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 141.704(b)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Organism Methodology SM 20th edition \6\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
E. coli.................................. Membrane Filtration, Two Step.... 9222 D/9222 G
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alternative Testing Methods for Contaminants Listed at 40 CFR 143.4(b)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contaminant Methodology EPA method ASTM \4\ SM 21st edition \1\ SM online \3\
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Aluminum........................ Axially viewed 200.5, Revision 4.2 ...................... ........................ ..........................
inductively \2\.
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Atomic Absorption; ...................... 3111 D ..........................
Direct.
Atomic Absorption; ...................... 3113 B ..........................
Furnace.
Inductively Coupled ...................... 3120 B ..........................
Plasma.
Chloride........................ Silver Nitrate D 512-04 B 4500-Cl- B ..........................
Titration.
Ion Chromatography. ...................... 4110 B ..........................
Potentiometric ...................... 4500-Cl- D ..........................
Titration.
Color........................... Visual Comparison.. ...................... 2120 B ..........................
Foaming Agents.................. Methylene Blue ...................... 5540 C ..........................
Active Substances
(MBAS).
Iron............................ Axially viewed 200.5, Revision 4.2 ...................... ........................ ..........................
inductively
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Atomic Absorption; ...................... 3111 B ..........................
Direct.
Atomic Absorption; ...................... 3113 B ..........................
Furnace.
Inductively Coupled ...................... 3120 B ..........................
Plasma.
Manganese....................... Axially viewed 200.5, Revision 4.2 ...................... ........................ ..........................
inductively
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Atomic Absorption; ...................... 3111 B ..........................
Direct.
Atomic Absorption; ...................... 3113 B ..........................
Furnace.
Inductively Coupled ...................... 3120 B ..........................
Plasma.
Odor............................ Threshold Odor Test ...................... 2150 B ..........................
Silver.......................... Axially viewed 200.5, Revision 4.2 ...................... ........................ ..........................
inductively
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Atomic Absorption; ...................... 3111 B ..........................
Direct.
Atomic Absorption; ...................... 3113 B ..........................
Furnace.
Inductively Coupled ...................... 3120 B ..........................
Plasma.
Sulfate......................... Ion Chromatography. ...................... 4110 B ..........................
Gravimetric with ...................... 4500-SO4-2 C 4500-SO4-2 C-97
ignition of
residue.
Gravimetric with ...................... 4500-SO4-2 D 4500-SO4-2 D-97
drying of residue.
Turbidimetric ...................... 4500-SO4-2 E 4500-SO4-2 E-97
method.
[[Page 38358]]
Automated ...................... 4500-SO4-2 F 4500-SO4-2 F-97
methylthymol blue
method.
Total Dissolved Solids.......... Total Dissolved ...................... 2540 C ..........................
Solids Dried at
180 deg C.
Zinc............................ Axially viewed 200.5, Revision 4.2 ...................... ........................ ..........................
inductively
coupled plasma-
atomic emission
spectrometry
(AVICP-AES).
Atomic Absorption; ...................... 3111 B ..........................
Direct Aspiration.
Inductively Coupled ...................... 3120 B ..........................
Plasma.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 21st edition (2005). Available from American Public
Health Association, 800 I Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.
\2\ EPA Method 200.5, Revision 4.2. ``Determination of Trace
Elements in Drinking Water by Axially Viewed Inductively Coupled
Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry.'' 2003. EPA/600/R-06/115.
(Available at http://www.epa.gov/nerlcwww/ordmeth.htm.)
\3\ Standard Methods Online are available at http://www.standardmethods.org. The year in which each method was approved
by the Standard Methods Committee is designated by the last two
digits in the method number. The methods listed are the only online
versions that may be used.
\4\ Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or http://astm.org. The methods
listed are the only alternative versions that may be used.
\5\ Method D99-003, Revision 3.0. ``Free Chlorine Species
(HOCl- and OCl-) by Test Strip,'' November 21,
2003. Available from Industrial Test Systems, Inc., 1875 Langston
St., Rock Hill, SC 29730.
\6\ Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater, 20th edition (1998). Available from American Public
Health Association, 800 I Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001-3710.
\7\ Method ME355.01, Revision 1.0. ``Determination of Cyanide in
Drinking Water by GC/MS Headspace,'' May 26, 2009. Available at
http://www.nemi.gov or from James Eaton, H & E Testing Laboratory,
221 State Street, Augusta, ME 04333. (207) 287-2727.
\8\ Systea Easy (1-Reagent). ``Systea Easy (1-Reagent) Nitrate
Method,'' February 4, 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from
Systea Scientific, LLC., 900 Jorie Blvd., Suite 35, Oak Brook, IL
60523.
\9\ EPA Method 524.3, Version 1.0. ``Measurement of Purgeable
Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/
Mass Spectrometry,'' June 2009. EPA 815-B-09-009. Available at
http://epa.gov/safewater/methods/analyticalmethods_ogwdw.html.
\10\ Mitchell Method M5271, Revision 1.1. ``Determination of
Turbidity by Laser Nephelometry,'' March 5, 2009. Available at
http://www.nemi.gov or from Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence
Valley Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507.
\11\ Mitchell Method M5331, Revision 1.1. ``Determination of
Turbidity by LED Nephelometry,'' March 5, 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from Leck Mitchell, PhD, PE, 656 Independence Valley
Dr., Grand Junction, CO 81507.
\12\ Orion Method AQ4500, Revision 1.0. ``Determination of
Turbidity by LED Nephelometry,'' May 8, 2009. Available at http://www.nemi.gov or from Thermo Scientific, 166 Cummings Center,
Beverly, MA 01915, http://www.thermo.com.
[FR Doc. E9-18361 Filed 7-31-09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE S[FEDREG][VOL]*[/VOL][NO]*[/NO][DATE]*[/DATE][RULES]